महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-196, verse-18

जन्मवृद्धिक्षयश्चास्य प्रत्यक्षेणोपलभ्यते ।
सा तु चन्द्रमसो व्यक्तिर्न तु तस्य शरीरिणः ॥१८॥

18. janmavṛddhikṣayaścāsya pratyakṣeṇopalabhyate ,
sā tu candramaso vyaktirna tu tasya śarīriṇaḥ.

18. janmavṛddhikṣayaḥ ca asya प्रत्यक्षेण उपलभ्यते
sā tu candramasaḥ व्यक्तिः na tu tasya शरीरिणः

18. ca asya janmavṛddhikṣayaḥ pratyakṣeṇa upalabhyate.
tu sā candramasaḥ vyaktiḥ,
na tu tasya śarīriṇaḥ.

18. And its (the moon's) birth, growth, and decay are perceived through direct observation (pratyakṣeṇa). But that is merely the manifestation (vyakti) of the moon, and certainly not of that embodied being (śarīrin).

Words meanings summery:

• जन्मवृद्धिक्षयः (janmavṛddhikṣayaḥ) - birth, growth, and decay

• च (ca) - and, also

• अस्य (asya) - of the moon (of this, its)

• प्रत्यक्षेण (pratyakṣeṇa) - by direct perception, by direct observation

• उपलभ्यते (upalabhyate) - is perceived, is found, is obtained

• सा (sā) - that (manifestation) (that (she))

• तु (tu) - but, on the other hand, indeed

• चन्द्रमसः (candramasaḥ) - of the moon

• व्यक्तिः (vyaktiḥ) - manifestation, appearance, individuality

• न (na) - not, no

• तु (tu) - but, on the other hand, indeed

• तस्य (tasya) - of that (embodied being) (of that, his)

• शरीरिणः (śarīriṇaḥ) - of the embodied being, of the soul

Words meanings and morphology

जन्मवृद्धिक्षयः (janmavṛddhikṣayaḥ) - birth, growth, and decay

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of janmavṛddhikṣaya

janmavṛddhikṣaya - birth, growth, and decay/destruction

Compound type : dvandva (janman+vṛddhi+kṣaya)

• janman – birth, production, origin
  noun (neuter)
  Root: jan (class 4)
• vṛddhi – growth, increase, prosperity
  noun (feminine)
  Root: vṛdh (class 1)
• kṣaya – decay, decline, destruction, loss
  noun (masculine)
  Root: kṣi (class 5)

Note: Acts as a singular collective noun.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

अस्य (asya) - of the moon (of this, its)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, he, she, it

Note: Refers to 'candraḥ'.

प्रत्यक्षेण (pratyakṣeṇa) - by direct perception, by direct observation

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of pratyakṣa

pratyakṣa - perceptible, evident, direct perception, before the eyes

Compound 'prati-akṣa'.

Compound type : avyayībhāva (prati+akṣa)

• prati – towards, against, in front of, in regard to
  indeclinable
• akṣa – eye, sense organ
  noun (neuter)

उपलभ्यते (upalabhyate) - is perceived, is found, is obtained

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of upalabh

Present Passive

3rd person singular, present tense, passive voice, middle ending. Root 'labh' with prefix 'upa'.

Prefix: upa

Root: labh (class 1)

सा (sā) - that (manifestation) (that (she))

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, she, it

Note: Refers to 'vyaktiḥ'.

तु (tu) - but, on the other hand, indeed

(indeclinable)

चन्द्रमसः (candramasaḥ) - of the moon

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of candramas

candramas - the moon

Masculine genitive singular of 'candramas'.

व्यक्तिः (vyaktiḥ) - manifestation, appearance, individuality

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of vyakti

vyakti - manifestation, appearance, distinctness, individuality

From root 'añj' (to anoint, make clear) with prefixes 'vi' and 'a'.

Prefixes: vi+a

Root: añj (class 7)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

तु (tu) - but, on the other hand, indeed

(indeclinable)

तस्य (tasya) - of that (embodied being) (of that, his)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, it

Note: Refers to 'śarīriṇaḥ'.

शरीरिणः (śarīriṇaḥ) - of the embodied being, of the soul

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of śarīrin

śarīrin - one who has a body, embodied, living being, soul, individual self

Masculine genitive singular of 'śarīrin'.