महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-188, verse-15

विचारश्च वितर्कश्च विवेकश्चोपजायते ।
मुनेः समादधानस्य प्रथमं ध्यानमादितः ॥१५॥

15. vicāraśca vitarkaśca vivekaścopajāyate ,
muneḥ samādadhānasya prathamaṁ dhyānamāditaḥ.

15. vicāraḥ ca vitarkaḥ ca vivekaḥ ca upajāyate
muneḥ samādadhanasya prathamam dhyānam āditaḥ

15. āditaḥ prathamam dhyānam samādadhanasya muneḥ
vicāraḥ ca vitarkaḥ ca vivekaḥ ca upajāyate

15. For the sage (muni) who is concentrating from the very beginning of their first meditation (dhyāna), reflection (vicāra), reasoning (vitarka), and discrimination (viveka) arise.

Words meanings summery:

• विचारः (vicāraḥ) - reflection, deliberation, investigation

• च (ca) - and, also

• वितर्कः (vitarkaḥ) - reasoning, deliberation, conjecture, discernment

• च (ca) - and, also

• विवेकः (vivekaḥ) - discrimination, discernment, judgment

• च (ca) - and, also

• उपजायते (upajāyate) - arises, is produced, occurs

• मुनेः (muneḥ) - of the sage, of the contemplative

• समादधनस्य (samādadhanasya) - of one who is concentrating, of one who is fixing (their mind)

• प्रथमम् (prathamam) - first, primary

• ध्यानम् (dhyānam) - meditation (dhyāna), contemplation

• आदितः (āditaḥ) - from the beginning, initially

Words meanings and morphology

विचारः (vicāraḥ) - reflection, deliberation, investigation

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vicāra

vicāra - reflection, deliberation, investigation, examination

From `vi-car` (to roam, ponder) with suffix `ghañ`.

Prefix: vi

Root: car (class 1)

Note: One of the subjects of `upajāyate`.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Conjunction.

Note: Connects listed items.

वितर्कः (vitarkaḥ) - reasoning, deliberation, conjecture, discernment

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vitarka

vitarka - reasoning, deliberation, conjecture, doubt, discernment

From `vi-tark` (to guess, infer) with suffix `a`.

Prefix: vi

Root: tark (class 10)

Note: One of the subjects of `upajāyate`.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Conjunction.

विवेकः (vivekaḥ) - discrimination, discernment, judgment

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of viveka

viveka - discrimination, discernment, judgment, distinction, right apprehension

From `vi-vic` (to separate, distinguish) with suffix `a`.

Prefix: vi

Root: vic (class 7)

Note: One of the subjects of `upajāyate`.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Conjunction.

उपजायते (upajāyate) - arises, is produced, occurs

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of upa-jan

Present middle indicative (passive sense often)

3rd person singular present middle indicative.

Prefix: upa

Root: jan (class 4)

मुनेः (muneḥ) - of the sage, of the contemplative

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of muni

muni - sage, ascetic, contemplative, inspired one

Root: man (class 4)

Note: Possessive, 'of the sage'.

समादधनस्य (samādadhanasya) - of one who is concentrating, of one who is fixing (their mind)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of samādadhat

samādadhat - concentrating, fixing, applying, one who concentrates

Present Active Participle

Present Active Participle from `sam-ā-dhā`.

Prefixes: sam+ā

Root: dhā (class 3)

Note: Agrees with `muneḥ`.

प्रथमम् (prathamam) - first, primary

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of prathama

prathama - first, foremost, earliest, primary

Superlative form related to `pra` (forth, first).

Note: Adverbial or agreement with `dhyānam` (as in 'first meditation').

ध्यानम् (dhyānam) - meditation (dhyāna), contemplation

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of dhyāna

dhyāna - meditation, contemplation, thought, reflection

From root `dhyā` (to meditate) + `ana` suffix.

Root: dhyā (class 4)

Note: Used here in a temporal/adverbial sense: 'during the first meditation'.

आदितः (āditaḥ) - from the beginning, initially

(indeclinable)

From `ādi` (beginning) + `tas` suffix.

Note: Adverbial, modifying the entire phrase 'prathamam dhyānam samādadhanasya'.