महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-87, verse-17

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धर्म्यं मार्गं चेतयानो यशस्यं कुर्यान्नृपो धर्ममवेक्षमाणः ।
न मद्विधो धर्मबुद्धिः प्रजानन्कुर्यादेवं कृपणं मां यथात्थ ॥१७॥

17. dharmyaṁ mārgaṁ cetayāno yaśasyaṁ; kuryānnṛpo dharmamavekṣamāṇaḥ ,
na madvidho dharmabuddhiḥ prajāna;nkuryādevaṁ kṛpaṇaṁ māṁ yathāttha.

17. dharmyam mārgam cetayānaḥ yaśasyam
kuryāt nṛpaḥ dharmam avekṣamāṇaḥ
na madvidhaḥ dharmabuddhiḥ prajānan
kuryāt evam kṛpaṇam mām yathā āttha

17. A king, reflecting upon his natural law (dharma), should follow the righteous (dharma) path that brings him fame. But one like me, whose intellect is devoted to dharma and who understands (what is right), would not act in such a way that renders me pitiable, as you have described.

Words meanings summery:

(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)

धर्म्यम् (dharmyam) - pertaining to righteousness (dharma) (righteous, lawful, according to dharma)

मार्गम् (mārgam) - path (path, road, way)

चेतयानः (cetayānaḥ) - understanding (knowing, understanding, perceiving, thinking)

यशस्यम् (yaśasyam) - bringing fame, glorious (glorious, famous, bringing fame)

कुर्यात् (kuryāt) - should follow, should undertake (should do, should make, should perform)

नृपः (nṛpaḥ) - king (king, ruler)

धर्मम् (dharmam) - natural law (dharma) (natural law, righteousness, duty, virtue, constitution)

अवेक्षमाणः (avekṣamāṇaḥ) - reflecting upon, considering (looking at, considering, observing)

न (na) - not (not, no)

मद्विधः (madvidhaḥ) - one like me (like me, of my kind)

धर्मबुद्धिः (dharmabuddhiḥ) - one whose intellect is devoted to dharma (one whose intellect is fixed on dharma, pious mind)

प्रजानन् (prajānan) - understanding (what is right) (knowing well, understanding, perceiving)

कुर्यात् (kuryāt) - should act, should behave (should do, should make, should perform)

एवम् (evam) - in such a way (thus, in this manner, so)

कृपणम् (kṛpaṇam) - pitiable (wretched, miserable, pitiable, poor)

माम् (mām) - me

यथा (yathā) - as (as, just as, according to)

आत्थ (āttha) - you have described/asserted (you say, you assert, you speak)

Words meanings and morphology

धर्म्यम् (dharmyam) - pertaining to righteousness (dharma) (righteous, lawful, according to dharma)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of dharmya

dharmya - righteous, virtuous, consistent with natural law (dharma)

Derived from dharma with ya suffix.

Note: Agrees with mārgam.

मार्गम् (mārgam) - path (path, road, way)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of mārga

mārga - path, way, road

Root: mṛj (class 2)

चेतयानः (cetayānaḥ) - understanding (knowing, understanding, perceiving, thinking)

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of cetayāmāna

cetayāmāna - knowing, perceiving, understanding, thinking

Present Middle Participle

Derived from causative root cit (to perceive, know), with āya augment and śāna suffix (Middle voice participle).

Root: cit (class 10)

Note: Agrees with implied subject, the king (nṛpaḥ).

यशस्यम् (yaśasyam) - bringing fame, glorious (glorious, famous, bringing fame)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of yaśasya

yaśasya - glorious, famous, bringing fame

From yaśas (fame) + ya suffix

Note: Qualifies an implied object like 'karma' (action) or 'mārga'.

कुर्यात् (kuryāt) - should follow, should undertake (should do, should make, should perform)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of kṛ

Optative mood, 3rd person singular

Root kṛ (8th class)

Root: kṛ (class 8)

नृपः (nṛpaḥ) - king (king, ruler)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nṛpa

nṛpa - king, ruler, protector of men

Compound: nṛ (man) + pa (protector, from root pā)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nṛ+pa)

nṛ – man, person
noun (masculine)
pa – protector, preserver
noun (masculine)
From root pā (to protect)
Root: pā (class 2)

Note: Subject of kuryāt.

धर्मम् (dharmam) - natural law (dharma) (natural law, righteousness, duty, virtue, constitution)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - natural law, righteousness, duty, virtue, constitution, intrinsic nature

From root dhṛ (to hold, support)

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

Note: Object of avekṣamāṇaḥ.

अवेक्षमाणः (avekṣamāṇaḥ) - reflecting upon, considering (looking at, considering, observing)

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of avekṣamāṇa

avekṣamāṇa - looking at, considering, observing

Present Middle Participle

From ava + root īkṣ (to see)

Prefix: ava

Root: īkṣ (class 1)

Note: Agrees with nṛpaḥ.

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

Note: Negates the action that follows.

मद्विधः (madvidhaḥ) - one like me (like me, of my kind)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of madvidha

madvidha - like me, of my kind

Compound of mad (stem of asmad, me) and vidha (kind, sort).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (mad+vidha)

mad – me (stem for first person pronoun 'I' in compounds)
pronoun
Stem of asmad
vidha – kind, sort, manner
noun (masculine)

Note: Subject of the negated kuryāt.

धर्मबुद्धिः (dharmabuddhiḥ) - one whose intellect is devoted to dharma (one whose intellect is fixed on dharma, pious mind)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dharmabuddhi

dharmabuddhi - intellect devoted to dharma, one whose mind is on dharma

Compound type : bahuvrihi (dharma+buddhi)

dharma – natural law, righteousness, duty
noun (masculine)
Root: dhṛ (class 1)
buddhi – intellect, understanding, perception
noun (feminine)
From root budh (to know, perceive)
Root: budh (class 1)

Note: Agrees with madvidhaḥ.

प्रजानन् (prajānan) - understanding (what is right) (knowing well, understanding, perceiving)

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prajānat

prajānat - knowing, understanding, perceiving

Present Active Participle

From pra + root jñā (to know)

Prefix: pra

Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Agrees with madvidhaḥ.

कुर्यात् (kuryāt) - should act, should behave (should do, should make, should perform)

(verb)