महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-87, verse-11

ययातिरुवाच ।
नास्मद्विधोऽब्राह्मणो ब्रह्मविच्च प्रतिग्रहे वर्तते राजमुख्य ।
यथा प्रदेयं सततं द्विजेभ्यस्तथाददं पूर्वमहं नरेन्द्र ॥११॥

11. yayātiruvāca ,
nāsmadvidho'brāhmaṇo brahmavicca; pratigrahe vartate rājamukhya ,
yathā pradeyaṁ satataṁ dvijebhya;stathādadaṁ pūrvamahaṁ narendra.

11. yayātiḥ uvāca na asmadvidhaḥ abrāhmaṇaḥ
brahmavit ca pratigrahe vartate
rājamukhya yathā pradeyam satataṃ dvijebhyaḥ
tathā adadaṃ pūrvaṃ ahaṃ narendra

11. Yayati said: "One like me, O chief among kings, who is neither a brahmin nor a knower of brahman (brahman), does not engage in accepting gifts. Rather, just as I constantly used to give to brahmins (dvija), so I gave previously, O king."

Words meanings summery:

• ययातिः (yayātiḥ) - Yayati (proper name of a king)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• न (na) - not, no

• अस्मद्विधः (asmadvidhaḥ) - one like me (Yayati, a kṣatriya) (one like us, one of our kind)

• अब्राह्मणः (abrāhmaṇaḥ) - not a brahmin, non-brahmin

• ब्रह्मवित् (brahmavit) - knower of brahman

• च (ca) - and, also

• प्रतिग्रहे (pratigrahe) - in accepting gifts/donations (in accepting, in receiving (gifts))

• वर्तते (vartate) - engages (in the act of accepting gifts) (engages, operates, exists, behaves)

• राजमुख्य (rājamukhya) - O chief among kings, O best of kings

• यथा (yathā) - as, just as

• प्रदेयम् (pradeyam) - that which is to be given (as charity/offerings) (to be given, that which should be given)

• सततं (satataṁ) - always, constantly, perpetually

• द्विजेभ्यः (dvijebhyaḥ) - to brahmins (dvija) (to the brahmins, to the twice-born)

• तथा (tathā) - so, thus, in that manner

• अददं (adadaṁ) - I gave

• पूर्वं (pūrvaṁ) - formerly, previously, before

• अहं (ahaṁ) - I

• नरेन्द्र (narendra) - O king, O lord of men

Words meanings and morphology

ययातिः (yayātiḥ) - Yayati (proper name of a king)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yayāti

yayāti - Yayati (a celebrated king)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

perfect active

third person singular, perfect active, parasmaipada

Root: vac (class 2)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

अस्मद्विधः (asmadvidhaḥ) - one like me (Yayati, a kṣatriya) (one like us, one of our kind)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of asmadvidha

asmadvidha - one like us, one of our kind

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (asmad+vidha)

• asmad – we, us
  pronoun
  first person plural pronoun
• vidha – kind, sort, manner
  noun (masculine)

Note: The compound is used in the sense 'like me' or 'of my kind' (referring to Yayati).

अब्राह्मणः (abrāhmaṇaḥ) - not a brahmin, non-brahmin

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of abrāhmaṇa

abrāhmaṇa - not a brahmin, non-brahmin

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+brāhmaṇa)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
  negative prefix
• brāhmaṇa – a brahmin, belonging to a brahmin
  noun (masculine)
  Root: brahm

ब्रह्मवित् (brahmavit) - knower of brahman

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of brahmavit

brahmavit - knower of brahman

agent noun formed from brahma + vid

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (brahman+vid)

• brahman – the Absolute, the universal spirit
  noun (neuter)
  Root: bṛh
• vid – knower
  noun (masculine)
  agent noun from root vid
  Root: vid (class 2)

Note: The -t ending is a suffix for agent nouns.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

प्रतिग्रहे (pratigrahe) - in accepting gifts/donations (in accepting, in receiving (gifts))

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of pratigraha

pratigraha - acceptance, receipt (especially of gifts or donations)

derived from pra-ti-√grah

Prefix: prati

Root: grah (class 9)

वर्तते (vartate) - engages (in the act of accepting gifts) (engages, operates, exists, behaves)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of vṛt

present middle

third person singular, present middle, ātmanepada

Root: vṛt (class 1)

राजमुख्य (rājamukhya) - O chief among kings, O best of kings

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājamukhya

rājamukhya - chief of kings, best of kings

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (rājan+mukhya)

• rājan – king
  noun (masculine)
  Root: rāj
• mukhya – chief, principal, foremost
  adjective (masculine)

यथा (yathā) - as, just as

(indeclinable)

प्रदेयम् (pradeyam) - that which is to be given (as charity/offerings) (to be given, that which should be given)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of pradeya

pradeya - to be given, gift, offering

gerundive

gerundive from pra-√dā

Prefix: pra

Root: dā (class 3)

Note: It implies a sense of obligation or suitability to be given.

सततं (satataṁ) - always, constantly, perpetually

(indeclinable)

Note: Used adverbially here.

द्विजेभ्यः (dvijebhyaḥ) - to brahmins (dvija) (to the brahmins, to the twice-born)

(noun)

Dative, masculine, plural of dvija

dvija - twice-born (a brahmin, kshatriya, or vaishya, but often specifically a brahmin); a bird; a tooth

derived from dvi (two) + jan (to be born)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (dvi+jan)

• dvi – two
  numeral
• jan – born
  noun (masculine)
  from root jan (to be born)
  Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Often refers specifically to brahmins in this context.

तथा (tathā) - so, thus, in that manner

(indeclinable)

अददं (adadaṁ) - I gave

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of dā

imperfect active

first person singular, imperfect active, parasmaipada

Root: dā (class 3)

पूर्वं (pūrvaṁ) - formerly, previously, before

(indeclinable)

Note: Used adverbially here.

अहं (ahaṁ) - I

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

first person pronoun

नरेन्द्र (narendra) - O king, O lord of men

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of narendra

narendra - king, lord of men

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nara+indra)

• nara – man
  noun (masculine)
• indra – lord, chief (often refers to the deity Indra)
  noun (masculine)