महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-87, verse-16

ययातिरुवाच ।
न तुल्यतेजाः सुकृतं कामयेत योगक्षेमं पार्थिव पार्थिवः सन् ।
दैवादेशादापदं प्राप्य विद्वांश्चरेन्नृशंसं न हि जातु राजा ॥१६॥

16. yayātiruvāca ,
na tulyatejāḥ sukṛtaṁ kāmayeta; yogakṣemaṁ pārthiva pārthivaḥ san ,
daivādeśādāpadaṁ prāpya vidvāṁ;ścarennṛśaṁsaṁ na hi jātu rājā.

16. yayātiḥ uvāca na tulyatejāḥ sukṛtaṃ
kāmayeta yogakṣemaṃ pārthiva pārthivaḥ
san daivādeśāt āpadaṃ prāpya
vidvān caret nṛśaṃsaṃ na hi jātu rājā

16. Yayati said: 'A king of equal glory should not desire (another's) accumulated merit (sukṛta) or security and welfare (yogakṣema), O king, while he himself is still a king. Even having obtained misfortune by divine decree (daivādeśa), a wise person should act with uncompromising resolve (nṛśaṃsaṃ); for indeed, a king certainly never (yields or acts otherwise).'

Words meanings summery:

• ययातिः (yayātiḥ) - Yayati (a king's name)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• न (na) - not, no

• तुल्यतेजाः (tulyatejāḥ) - one of equal splendor/glory, equally powerful

• सुकृतं (sukṛtaṁ) - accumulated merit (good deed, merit, virtue, well-done)

• कामयेत (kāmayeta) - he should desire, he might desire

• योगक्षेमं (yogakṣemaṁ) - acquisition and preservation, security and welfare

• पार्थिव (pārthiva) - O king, O ruler (vocative)

• पार्थिवः (pārthivaḥ) - a king, a ruler

• सन् (san) - being, existing (present active participle)

• दैवादेशात् (daivādeśāt) - from a divine decree, by fate's command

• आपदं (āpadaṁ) - calamity, misfortune, distress

• प्राप्य (prāpya) - having obtained, having reached, having met with

• विद्वान् (vidvān) - a wise person, learned man

• चरेत् (caret) - he should act, he should behave, he should move

• नृशंसं (nṛśaṁsaṁ) - with uncompromising resolve, stoically (cruelly, harshly, inhumanly; a cruel act, an inhuman act)

• न (na) - not, no

• हि (hi) - indeed, certainly, because

• जातु (jātu) - ever, at any time, certainly

• राजा (rājā) - a king, ruler

Words meanings and morphology

ययातिः (yayātiḥ) - Yayati (a king's name)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yayāti

yayāti - Yayati (a mythical king in Hindu traditions)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

तुल्यतेजाः (tulyatejāḥ) - one of equal splendor/glory, equally powerful

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tulyatejas

tulyatejas - one of equal splendor, equally glorious or powerful

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (tulya+tejas)

• tulya – equal, similar, comparable
  adjective (masculine)
• tejas – splendor, glory, power, energy
  noun (neuter)

सुकृतं (sukṛtaṁ) - accumulated merit (good deed, merit, virtue, well-done)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sukṛta

sukṛta - good deed, merit, virtue, well-done, righteous act

Past Passive Participle

Past passive participle of root kṛ with prefix su

Compound type : pra-ādi samāsa (su+kṛta)

• su – good, well, excellent (prefix)
  indeclinable
• kṛta – done, made, performed
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Past passive participle from root kṛ (to do, make)
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

कामयेत (kāmayeta) - he should desire, he might desire

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, optative (vidhi-liṅ) of kam

Denominative verb from 'kāma' or 10th class derivative from 'kam'

Root: kam (class 10)

योगक्षेमं (yogakṣemaṁ) - acquisition and preservation, security and welfare

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of yogakṣema

yogakṣema - security and welfare, acquisition and preservation (of property)

Compound type : dvandva (yoga+kṣema)

• yoga – acquisition, effort, union, discipline (yoga)
  noun (masculine)
• kṣema – welfare, security, safety, preservation
  noun (masculine)

पार्थिव (pārthiva) - O king, O ruler (vocative)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of pārthiva

pārthiva - king, ruler, earthly, territorial

Derived from 'pṛthivī' (earth)

पार्थिवः (pārthivaḥ) - a king, a ruler

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pārthiva

pārthiva - king, ruler, earthly, territorial

Derived from 'pṛthivī' (earth)

सन् (san) - being, existing (present active participle)

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sat

sat - being, existing, good, true

Present Active Participle

Present active participle of root as (to be)

Root: as (class 2)

दैवादेशात् (daivādeśāt) - from a divine decree, by fate's command

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of daivādeśa

daivādeśa - divine command or decree, fate's order

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (daiva+ādeśa)

• daiva – divine, celestial, relating to gods; fate
  adjective (neuter)
  Derived from 'deva' (god)
• ādeśa – command, order, decree, instruction
  noun (masculine)
  From root 'diś' (to point) with prefix 'ā'
  Prefix: ā
  Root: diś (class 6)

आपदं (āpadaṁ) - calamity, misfortune, distress

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of āpad

āpad - calamity, misfortune, distress, adversity

प्राप्य (prāpya) - having obtained, having reached, having met with

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

Absolutive from root āp (to obtain) with prefix pra

Prefix: pra

Root: āp (class 5)

विद्वान् (vidvān) - a wise person, learned man

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vidvas

vidvas - wise, learned, knowing; a wise person

Present Active Participle

Present active participle of root vid (to know)

Root: vid (class 2)

चरेत् (caret) - he should act, he should behave, he should move

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi-liṅ) of car

Root: car (class 1)

नृशंसं (nṛśaṁsaṁ) - with uncompromising resolve, stoically (cruelly, harshly, inhumanly; a cruel act, an inhuman act)

(indeclinable)

Can be used adverbially as neuter accusative singular

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nṛ+śaṃsa)

• nṛ – man, person
  noun (masculine)
• śaṃsa – praise, declaration, blame, curse
  noun (masculine)
  From root śaṃs (to praise, declare, curse)
  Root: śaṃs (class 1)

Note: Used adverbially to modify 'caret'.

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

हि (hi) - indeed, certainly, because

(indeclinable)

जातु (jātu) - ever, at any time, certainly

(indeclinable)

राजा (rājā) - a king, ruler

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler, sovereign