महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-66, verse-12

उपस्प्रष्टुं गतश्चाहमपश्यं शयितामिमाम् ।
निर्जने विपिनेऽरण्ये शकुन्तैः परिवारिताम् ।
आनयित्वा ततश्चैनां दुहितृत्वे न्ययोजयम् ॥१२॥

12. upaspraṣṭuṁ gataścāhamapaśyaṁ śayitāmimām ,
nirjane vipine'raṇye śakuntaiḥ parivāritām ,
ānayitvā tataścaināṁ duhitṛtve nyayojayam.

12. upasprastum gataḥ ca aham apaśyam
śayitām imām nirjane vipine araṇye
śakuntaiḥ parivāritām ānayitvā
tataḥ ca enām duhitṛtve nyayojayam

12. And I, having gone to bathe, saw this (child) lying in the desolate, dense forest, surrounded by birds. Then, having brought her, I appointed her to the status of a daughter.

Words meanings summery:

• उपस्प्रस्तुम् (upasprastum) - to bathe (in a sacred spot) (to touch, to bathe, to sprinkle)

• गतः (gataḥ) - having gone (gone, arrived)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• अहम् (aham) - I (the speaker, Kanva) (I)

• अपश्यम् (apaśyam) - I saw

• शयिताम् (śayitām) - lying (lying down, slept)

• इमाम् (imām) - this (child) (this (feminine))

• निर्जने (nirjane) - desolate (desolate, lonely)

• विपिने (vipine) - in the dense forest (in the forest, in the thicket)

• अरण्ये (araṇye) - in the forest (in the forest, wilderness)

• शकुन्तैः (śakuntaiḥ) - by birds

• परिवारिताम् (parivāritām) - surrounded (surrounded, encompassed)

• आनयित्वा (ānayitvā) - having brought

• ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, thence)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• एनाम् (enām) - her (her, this (feminine))

• दुहितृत्वे (duhitṛtve) - as a daughter (in daughterhood, as a daughter)

• न्ययोजयम् (nyayojayam) - I appointed (I appointed, I engaged, I employed)

Words meanings and morphology

उपस्प्रस्तुम् (upasprastum) - to bathe (in a sacred spot) (to touch, to bathe, to sprinkle)

(indeclinable)

Infinitive

From prefix 'upa-' and root √spṛś.

Prefix: upa

Root: spṛś (class 6)

गतः (gataḥ) - having gone (gone, arrived)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of gata

gata - gone, arrived, obtained, known

Past Passive Participle

From root √gam (to go).

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Used in active sense ('having gone') as it refers to the subject.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Conjunction.

अहम् (aham) - I (the speaker, Kanva) (I)

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of aham

aham - I

First person singular pronoun.

अपश्यम् (apaśyam) - I saw

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of dṛś

Imperfect tense, active voice, 1st person singular.

From root √dṛś (which uses forms from √paś in present/imperfect). Augment 'a-'.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

शयिताम् (śayitām) - lying (lying down, slept)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of śayita

śayita - lying down, slept, rested

Past Passive Participle

From root √śī (to lie down, sleep).

Root: śī (class 2)

इमाम् (imām) - this (child) (this (feminine))

(pronoun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of idam

idam - this, this one

निर्जने (nirjane) - desolate (desolate, lonely)

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, singular of nirjana

nirjana - desolate, lonely, uninhabited (without people)

Composed of 'nir' (without) + 'jana' (people).

Compound type : pradi-tatpuruṣa (nis+jana)

• nis – out, forth, without, negation
  indeclinable
  Prefix indicating negation or separation.
• jana – person, people, creature
  noun (masculine)
  Root: jan (class 4)

विपिने (vipine) - in the dense forest (in the forest, in the thicket)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of vipina

vipina - forest, thicket, dense wood

अरण्ये (araṇye) - in the forest (in the forest, wilderness)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of araṇya

araṇya - forest, wilderness, remote place

शकुन्तैः (śakuntaiḥ) - by birds

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of śakunta

śakunta - bird, omen-bird

परिवारिताम् (parivāritām) - surrounded (surrounded, encompassed)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of parivārita

parivārita - surrounded, encompassed, restrained

Past Passive Participle

From prefix 'pari-' and causative of root '√vṛ' (to cover, surround).

Prefix: pari

Root: vṛ (class 5)

आनयित्वा (ānayitvā) - having brought

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

Formed from 'ā-' + causative of root '√nī' (to lead).

Prefix: ā

Root: nī (class 1)

ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, thence)

(indeclinable)

Derived from 'tad' with the ablative suffix '-tas'.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Conjunction.

एनाम् (enām) - her (her, this (feminine))

(pronoun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of enā

enā - this, that, her, him

Demonstrative pronoun.

दुहितृत्वे (duhitṛtve) - as a daughter (in daughterhood, as a daughter)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of duhitṛtva

duhitṛtva - daughterhood, state of being a daughter

Abstract noun from 'duhitṛ' (daughter) + suffix '-tva'.

न्ययोजयम् (nyayojayam) - I appointed (I appointed, I engaged, I employed)

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of yuj

Imperfect tense, active voice, 1st person singular (causative).

From prefix 'ni-' and causative of root '√yuj'. Augment 'a-'. Sandhi 'i + a' to 'y'.

Prefix: ni

Root: yuj (class 7)