महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-200, verse-9

अथ तेषूपविष्टेषु सर्वेष्वेव महात्मसु ।
नारदस्त्वथ देवर्षिराजगाम यदृच्छया ।
आसनं रुचिरं तस्मै प्रददौ स्वं युधिष्ठिरः ॥९॥

9. atha teṣūpaviṣṭeṣu sarveṣveva mahātmasu ,
nāradastvatha devarṣirājagāma yadṛcchayā ,
āsanaṁ ruciraṁ tasmai pradadau svaṁ yudhiṣṭhiraḥ.

9. atha teṣu upaviṣṭeṣu sarveṣu eva
mahātmasu nāradaḥ tu atha devarṣiḥ
ājagāma yadṛcchayā āsanam ruchiram
tasmai pradadau svam yudhiṣṭhiraḥ

9. Then, when all those great souls had taken their seats, the divine sage (devarṣi) Nārada arrived spontaneously. Yudhiṣṭhira then offered his own beautiful seat to him.

Words meanings summery:

• अथ (atha) - then, thereupon, now

• तेषु (teṣu) - in them, among them, when they

• उपविष्टेषु (upaviṣṭeṣu) - having sat down, seated

• सर्वेषु (sarveṣu) - in all, among all

• एव (eva) - indeed, only, just

• महात्मसु (mahātmasu) - among the great souls, among the noble ones

• नारदः (nāradaḥ) - Nārada (a divine sage)

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

• अथ (atha) - then, thereupon

• देवर्षिः (devarṣiḥ) - divine sage

• आजगाम (ājagāma) - he came, he approached

• यदृच्छया (yadṛcchayā) - by chance, spontaneously, voluntarily

• आसनम् (āsanam) - seat, throne

• रुछिरम् (ruchiram) - beautiful, splendid, pleasant

• तस्मै (tasmai) - to Nārada (to him, for him)

• प्रददौ (pradadau) - he gave, he offered

• स्वम् (svam) - his own, own

• युधिष्ठिरः (yudhiṣṭhiraḥ) - Yudhiṣṭhira (a Pāṇḍava prince)

Words meanings and morphology

अथ (atha) - then, thereupon, now

(indeclinable)

तेषु (teṣu) - in them, among them, when they

(pronoun)

Locative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those, he, they

उपविष्टेषु (upaviṣṭeṣu) - having sat down, seated

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, plural of upaviṣṭa

upaviṣṭa - seated, having sat down

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root viś with upasarga upa

Prefix: upa

Root: viś (class 6)

Note: Part of locative absolute construction

सर्वेषु (sarveṣu) - in all, among all

(pronoun)

Locative, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole

Note: Agrees with mahātmasu

एव (eva) - indeed, only, just

(indeclinable)

महात्मसु (mahātmasu) - among the great souls, among the noble ones

(noun)

Locative, masculine, plural of mahātman

mahātman - great-souled, noble, great self

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+ātman)

• mahā – great, mighty, large
  adjective
• ātman – self, soul, spirit, individual self (ātman)
  noun (masculine)

Note: Part of locative absolute construction

नारदः (nāradaḥ) - Nārada (a divine sage)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nārada

nārada - Nārada (name of a divine sage and musician)

तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

(indeclinable)

अथ (atha) - then, thereupon

(indeclinable)

देवर्षिः (devarṣiḥ) - divine sage

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of devarṣi

devarṣi - divine sage (devarṣi), a sage of the divine class

Compound type : karmadhāraya (deva+ṛṣi)

• deva – god, divine, celestial
  noun/adjective (masculine)
• ṛṣi – sage, seer, inspired poet
  noun (masculine)

आजगाम (ājagāma) - he came, he approached

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of gam

Prefix: ā

Root: gam (class 1)

यदृच्छया (yadṛcchayā) - by chance, spontaneously, voluntarily

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of yadṛcchā

yadṛcchā - freedom of will, spontaneity, chance, arbitrarily

आसनम् (āsanam) - seat, throne

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of āsana

āsana - seat, sitting, throne

रुछिरम् (ruchiram) - beautiful, splendid, pleasant

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of rucira

rucira - beautiful, splendid, pleasant, radiant, charming

Note: Agrees with āsanam

तस्मै (tasmai) - to Nārada (to him, for him)

(pronoun)

Dative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, him, to him

Note: Refers to Nārada

प्रददौ (pradadau) - he gave, he offered

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of dā

Prefix: pra

Root: dā (class 3)

स्वम् (svam) - his own, own

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sva

sva - own, one's own, self, property

Note: Agrees with āsanam

युधिष्ठिरः (yudhiṣṭhiraḥ) - Yudhiṣṭhira (a Pāṇḍava prince)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yudhiṣṭhira

yudhiṣṭhira - Yudhiṣṭhira (firm in battle), a Pāṇḍava prince