महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-19, verse-10

चन्द्रवृद्धिक्षयवशादुद्वृत्तोर्मिदुरासदम् ।
पाञ्चजन्यस्य जननं रत्नाकरमनुत्तमम् ॥१०॥

10. candravṛddhikṣayavaśādudvṛttormidurāsadam ,
pāñcajanyasya jananaṁ ratnākaramanuttamam.

10. candravṛddhikṣayavaśāt udvṛttormidurāsadam
pāñcajanyasya jananam ratnākaram anuttamam

10. Difficult to approach due to its surging waves, which are controlled by the waxing and waning of the moon, it is the birthplace of Pāñcajanya (Vishnu's conch), the unequalled ocean, a mine of jewels.

Words meanings summery:

• चन्द्रवृद्धिक्षयवशात् (candravṛddhikṣayavaśāt) - controlled by the moon's phases of growth and decay (due to the waxing and waning of the moon)

• उद्वृत्तोर्मिदुरासदम् (udvṛttormidurāsadam) - inaccessible due to its fiercely swirling waves (difficult to approach due to surging waves)

• पाञ्चजन्यस्य (pāñcajanyasya) - of the conch Pāñcajanya (of Pāñcajanya (Vishnu's conch))

• जननम् (jananam) - the origin, birthplace (birth, production, source, birthplace)

• रत्नाकरम् (ratnākaram) - the ocean (lit. mine of jewels) (ocean, mine of jewels)

• अनुत्तमम् (anuttamam) - peerless, supreme (unequalled, incomparable, supreme, best)

Words meanings and morphology

चन्द्रवृद्धिक्षयवशात् (candravṛddhikṣayavaśāt) - controlled by the moon's phases of growth and decay (due to the waxing and waning of the moon)

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of candravṛddhikṣayavaśa

candravṛddhikṣayavaśa - due to the power of moon's waxing and waning

Compound type : tatpurusha (candra+vṛddhi+kṣaya+vaśa)

• candra – moon
  noun (masculine)
• vṛddhi – growth, increase, prosperity
  noun (feminine)
  action noun
  from vṛdh (to grow)
  Root: vṛdh (class 1)
• kṣaya – waning, decrease, destruction, loss
  noun (masculine)
  action noun
  from kṣi (to waste away)
  Root: kṣi (class 5)
• vaśa – power, control, will, influence
  noun (masculine)

Note: Compound: 'candra' (moon) + 'vṛddhi-kṣaya' (waxing and waning, dvandva) + 'vaśa' (control/power). Ablative 'vaśāt' indicates cause or reason.

उद्वृत्तोर्मिदुरासदम् (udvṛttormidurāsadam) - inaccessible due to its fiercely swirling waves (difficult to approach due to surging waves)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of udvṛttormidurāsada

udvṛttormidurāsada - difficult to approach because of surging waves

Compound type : bahuvrihi (udvṛtta+ūrmi+durāsada)

• udvṛtta – surging, rising up, agitated
  adjective (masculine)
  past passive participle
  from ud + vṛt (to turn)
  Prefix: ud
  Root: vṛt (class 1)
• ūrmi – wave, billow
  noun (masculine)
• durāsada – difficult to approach, inaccessible, formidable
  adjective (masculine)
  from dur + ā + sad (to sit)
  Prefix: dur
  Root: sad (class 1)

Note: Bahuvrīhi compound: 'that whose surging waves make it difficult to approach'.

पाञ्चजन्यस्य (pāñcajanyasya) - of the conch Pāñcajanya (of Pāñcajanya (Vishnu's conch))

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of pāñcajanya

pāñcajanya - Vishnu's conch; born from the five-element-sea

from pañcajana + ya (suffix)

जननम् (jananam) - the origin, birthplace (birth, production, source, birthplace)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of janana

janana - birth, production, causing, source

action noun

from jan (to be born, produce)

Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Here, in apposition to 'ratnākaram', it means 'birthplace' or 'source'.

रत्नाकरम् (ratnākaram) - the ocean (lit. mine of jewels) (ocean, mine of jewels)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ratnākara

ratnākara - mine of jewels; the ocean

Compound type : tatpurusha (ratna+ākara)

• ratna – jewel, gem, precious stone
  noun (neuter)
• ākara – mine, source, collection
  noun (masculine)
  from ā + kṛ (to scatter, collect)
  Prefix: ā
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Often refers to the ocean as it contains many treasures.

अनुत्तमम् (anuttamam) - peerless, supreme (unequalled, incomparable, supreme, best)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of anuttama

anuttama - unequalled, supreme, best

from an + uttama (supreme)

Compound type : bahuvrihi (an+uttama)

• an – not
  prefix
• uttama – best, highest, supreme
  adjective (masculine)
  superlative of ud (up)
  Prefix: ud

Note: Agrees with `ratnākaram`.