भगवद्गीता
bhagavad-gītā
-
chapter-8, verse-4
अधिभूतं क्षरो भावः पुरुषश्चाधिदैवतम् ।
अधियज्ञोऽहमेवात्र देहे देहभृतां वर ॥४॥
अधियज्ञोऽहमेवात्र देहे देहभृतां वर ॥४॥
4. adhibhūtaṁ kṣaro bhāvaḥ puruṣaścādhidaivatam ,
adhiyajño'hamevātra dehe dehabhṛtāṁ vara.
adhiyajño'hamevātra dehe dehabhṛtāṁ vara.
4.
adhibhūtam kṣaraḥ bhāvaḥ puruṣaḥ ca adhidaivatam
adhiyajñaḥ aham eva atra dehe dehabhṛtām vara
adhiyajñaḥ aham eva atra dehe dehabhṛtām vara
4.
dehabhṛtām vara kṣaraḥ bhāvaḥ adhibhūtam puruṣaḥ
ca adhidaivatam atra dehe aham eva adhiyajñaḥ
ca adhidaivatam atra dehe aham eva adhiyajñaḥ
4.
The perishable nature (kṣara bhāva) is the material manifestation (adhibhūta); and the cosmic person (puruṣa) is the divine manifestation (adhidaivata). I myself am the Lord of ritual (adhiyajña) here in this body, O best of embodied beings.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- अधिभूतम् (adhibhūtam) - the material manifestation, the perishable physical entities. (the material manifestation, pertaining to beings.)
- क्षरः (kṣaraḥ) - perishable, subject to decay. (perishable, decaying, flowing.)
- भावः (bhāvaḥ) - nature, state of being (perishable existence). (existence, nature, state of being, entity, feeling.)
- पुरुषः (puruṣaḥ) - the cosmic person (puruṣa), the Supreme Being. (man, person, cosmic person (puruṣa).)
- च (ca) - and. (and, also.)
- अधिदैवतम् (adhidaivatam) - the divine manifestation, the cosmic form of the deity. (the divine manifestation, pertaining to deities.)
- अधियज्ञः (adhiyajñaḥ) - The presiding deity of Vedic rituals (yajña). (Lord of Vedic ritual; presiding deity of sacrifice.)
- अहम् (aham) - I (Krishna). (I.)
- एव (eva) - indeed, certainly. (only, indeed, just.)
- अत्र (atra) - here, in this context (referring to the body). (here, in this place, in this matter.)
- देहे (dehe) - in this physical body. (in the body.)
- देहभृताम् (dehabhṛtām) - of all embodied beings. (of embodied beings, of those who bear bodies.)
- वर (vara) - O best one (vocative, referring to Arjuna). (O best, O excellent one.)
Words meanings and morphology
अधिभूतम् (adhibhūtam) - the material manifestation, the perishable physical entities. (the material manifestation, pertaining to beings.)
(noun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of adhibhūta
adhibhūta - material manifestation; pertaining to elements/beings.
Compound of adhi (over, relating to) and bhūta (being, element).
Compound type : tatpurusha (adhi+bhūta)
- adhi – over, superior, ruling, governing.
indeclinable
preposition/prefix - bhūta – being, creature, element, existing, past.
noun (neuter)
Past Passive Participle
From root bhū- (to be, become).
Root: bhū (class 1)
Note: Predicate nominative for kṣaraḥ bhāvaḥ.
क्षरः (kṣaraḥ) - perishable, subject to decay. (perishable, decaying, flowing.)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of kṣara
kṣara - perishable, decaying, transient, flowing.
From root kṣar- (to flow, waste away).
Root: kṣar (class 1)
भावः (bhāvaḥ) - nature, state of being (perishable existence). (existence, nature, state of being, entity, feeling.)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of bhāva
bhāva - being, existence, state, nature, disposition, feeling.
From root bhū- (to be, become).
Root: bhū (class 1)
Note: Subject of the first clause.
पुरुषः (puruṣaḥ) - the cosmic person (puruṣa), the Supreme Being. (man, person, cosmic person (puruṣa).)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of puruṣa
puruṣa - man, male, person, spirit, soul, the Supreme Being, the cosmic person.
Root: pṛ
Note: Subject of the second clause.
च (ca) - and. (and, also.)
(indeclinable)
Conjunction.
अधिदैवतम् (adhidaivatam) - the divine manifestation, the cosmic form of the deity. (the divine manifestation, pertaining to deities.)
(noun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of adhidaivata
adhidaivata - divine manifestation; pertaining to deities; the presiding deity.
Compound of adhi (over, relating to) and daivata (deity).
Compound type : tatpurusha (adhi+daivata)
- adhi – over, superior, ruling, governing.
indeclinable
preposition/prefix - daivata – deity, divinity, divine, relating to gods.
noun (neuter)
From deva (god) + suffix -ta.
Root: div
Note: Predicate nominative for puruṣaḥ.
अधियज्ञः (adhiyajñaḥ) - The presiding deity of Vedic rituals (yajña). (Lord of Vedic ritual; presiding deity of sacrifice.)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of adhiyajña
adhiyajña - the presiding deity of a Vedic ritual (yajña); the Lord of rituals.
Compound of adhi (over, presiding) and yajña (ritual).
Compound type : tatpurusha (adhi+yajña)
- adhi – over, superior, ruling, governing.
indeclinable
preposition/prefix - yajña – a Vedic ritual; an act of worship or devotion; a sacrifice.
noun (masculine)
From root yaj- (to worship, sacrifice).
Root: yaj (class 1)
अहम् (aham) - I (Krishna). (I.)
(pronoun)
Nominative, singular of asmad
asmad - I, we.
First person pronoun.
एव (eva) - indeed, certainly. (only, indeed, just.)
(indeclinable)
Emphatic particle.
अत्र (atra) - here, in this context (referring to the body). (here, in this place, in this matter.)
(indeclinable)
Locative of idam (this).
देहे (dehe) - in this physical body. (in the body.)
(noun)
Locative, masculine, singular of deha
deha - body, physical form.
From root dih- (to anoint, smear, build up).
Root: dih (class 4)
देहभृताम् (dehabhṛtām) - of all embodied beings. (of embodied beings, of those who bear bodies.)
(noun)
Genitive, masculine, plural of dehabhṛt
dehabhṛt - one who bears a body, an embodied being, a living creature.
Compound of deha (body) and bhṛt (bearing, sustaining).
Compound type : tatpurusha (deha+bhṛt)
- deha – body, physical form.
noun (masculine)
From root dih- (to anoint, smear, build up).
Root: dih (class 4) - bhṛt – bearing, supporting, maintaining, wearer.
adjective (masculine)
Agent noun (kṛt pratyaya)
From root bhṛ- (to bear, carry, support).
Root: bhṛ (class 3)
वर (vara) - O best one (vocative, referring to Arjuna). (O best, O excellent one.)
(adjective)
Vocative, masculine, singular of vara
vara - best, excellent, choicest, boon.
From root vṛ- (to choose).
Root: vṛ (class 9)
Note: Qualifies Arjuna.