भगवद्गीता
bhagavad-gītā
-
chapter-8, verse-21
अव्यक्तोऽक्षर इत्युक्तस्तमाहुः परमां गतिम् ।
यं प्राप्य न निवर्तन्ते तद्धाम परमं मम ॥२१॥
यं प्राप्य न निवर्तन्ते तद्धाम परमं मम ॥२१॥
21. avyakto'kṣara ityuktastamāhuḥ paramāṁ gatim ,
yaṁ prāpya na nivartante taddhāma paramaṁ mama.
yaṁ prāpya na nivartante taddhāma paramaṁ mama.
21.
avyaktaḥ akṣaraḥ iti uktaḥ tam āhuḥ paramām gatim
yam prāpya na nivartante tat dhāma paramam mama
yam prāpya na nivartante tat dhāma paramam mama
21.
avyaktaḥ akṣaraḥ iti uktaḥ.
tam paramām gatim āhuḥ.
yam prāpya na nivartante.
tat mama paramam dhāma.
tam paramām gatim āhuḥ.
yam prāpya na nivartante.
tat mama paramam dhāma.
21.
That which is declared to be the unmanifest and imperishable (akṣara) – that they call the supreme destination. Having attained which, beings do not return. That is My supreme abode.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- अव्यक्तः (avyaktaḥ) - the unmanifest reality (unmanifest, unperceived, indiscernible)
- अक्षरः (akṣaraḥ) - the imperishable (akṣara) reality (imperishable, indestructible, undecaying)
- इति (iti) - thus, in these terms (thus, so, in this manner)
- उक्तः (uktaḥ) - declared, called (said, spoken, declared)
- तम् (tam) - that (unmanifest, imperishable reality) (him, that (masculine accusative singular))
- आहुः (āhuḥ) - they (sages, scriptures) call (they say, they call)
- परमाम् (paramām) - the supreme (supreme, highest, best)
- गतिम् (gatim) - ultimate destination (destination, path, state, motion)
- यम् (yam) - which (destination) (which, whom (masculine accusative singular))
- प्राप्य (prāpya) - having attained (having obtained, having reached, having attained)
- न (na) - not (not, no)
- निवर्तन्ते (nivartante) - they do not return (to saṃsāra) (they return, they turn back)
- तत् (tat) - that (unmanifest, imperishable reality) (that (neuter nominative singular))
- धाम (dhāma) - abode (abode, dwelling, residence; power; light)
- परमम् (paramam) - supreme (supreme, highest, best)
- मम (mama) - My (Lord Kṛṣṇa's) (my, mine)
Words meanings and morphology
अव्यक्तः (avyaktaḥ) - the unmanifest reality (unmanifest, unperceived, indiscernible)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of avyakta
avyakta - unmanifest, unperceived, imperceptible; undeveloped, embryonic
Past Passive Participle (derived from vyakta, with 'a' negative prefix)
Derived from the root 'añj' (to anoint, make clear) with 'vi' prefix, then negated by 'a'.
Prefixes: a+vi
Root: añj (class 7)
अक्षरः (akṣaraḥ) - the imperishable (akṣara) reality (imperishable, indestructible, undecaying)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of akṣara
akṣara - imperishable, indestructible; undecaying; syllable; letter
Formed from 'a' (negation) + 'kṣara' (perishable), which is from root 'kṣar' (to flow, perish).
Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+kṣara)
- a – not, non-, un-
indeclinable
Negative prefix - kṣara – perishable, decaying, flowing
adjective (masculine)
From root kṣar (to flow, to perish)
Root: kṣar (class 1)
इति (iti) - thus, in these terms (thus, so, in this manner)
(indeclinable)
उक्तः (uktaḥ) - declared, called (said, spoken, declared)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of ukta
ukta - said, spoken, declared; mentioned
Past Passive Participle
From root 'vac' (to speak), irregular past participle.
Root: vac (class 2)
तम् (tam) - that (unmanifest, imperishable reality) (him, that (masculine accusative singular))
(pronoun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of tad
tad - that, he, she, it
आहुः (āhuḥ) - they (sages, scriptures) call (they say, they call)
(verb)
3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of āh
Present Indicative
Irregular verb; often used with 'ā' prefix.
Prefix: ā
Root: ah (class 2)
परमाम् (paramām) - the supreme (supreme, highest, best)
(adjective)
Accusative, feminine, singular of parama
parama - supreme, highest, utmost, best, excellent
Superlative form of 'para' (other, beyond)
गतिम् (gatim) - ultimate destination (destination, path, state, motion)
(noun)
Accusative, feminine, singular of gati
gati - going, motion, path, course; destination, refuge, means; state, condition; final emancipation
From root 'gam' (to go).
Root: gam (class 1)
यम् (yam) - which (destination) (which, whom (masculine accusative singular))
(pronoun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of yad
yad - which, what, who
प्राप्य (prāpya) - having attained (having obtained, having reached, having attained)
(indeclinable)
Absolutive (Gerund)
Formed from prefix 'pra' + root 'āp' (to obtain, reach) + suffix 'ya'.
Prefix: pra
Root: āp (class 5)
न (na) - not (not, no)
(indeclinable)
निवर्तन्ते (nivartante) - they do not return (to saṃsāra) (they return, they turn back)
(verb)
3rd person , plural, middle, present (laṭ) of nivṛt
Present Indicative
From prefix 'ni' + root 'vṛt' (to turn).
Prefix: ni
Root: vṛt (class 1)
तत् (tat) - that (unmanifest, imperishable reality) (that (neuter nominative singular))
(pronoun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of tad
tad - that, he, she, it
धाम (dhāma) - abode (abode, dwelling, residence; power; light)
(noun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of dhāman
dhāman - abode, dwelling, residence; power, strength; light, splendor
From root 'dhā' (to place, put, establish).
Root: dhā (class 3)
परमम् (paramam) - supreme (supreme, highest, best)
(adjective)
Nominative, neuter, singular of parama
parama - supreme, highest, utmost, best, excellent
Superlative form of 'para' (other, beyond)
मम (mama) - My (Lord Kṛṣṇa's) (my, mine)
(pronoun)
Genitive, singular of asmad
asmad - I, me, my, mine