भगवद्गीता
bhagavad-gītā
-
chapter-5, verse-4
सांख्ययोगौ पृथग्बालाः प्रवदन्ति न पण्डिताः ।
एकमप्यास्थितः सम्यगुभयोर्विन्दते फलम् ॥४॥
एकमप्यास्थितः सम्यगुभयोर्विन्दते फलम् ॥४॥
4. sāṁkhyayogau pṛthagbālāḥ pravadanti na paṇḍitāḥ ,
ekamapyāsthitaḥ samyagubhayorvindate phalam.
ekamapyāsthitaḥ samyagubhayorvindate phalam.
4.
sāṅkhyayogau pṛthak bālāḥ pravadanti na paṇḍitāḥ
ekam api āsthitaḥ samyak ubhayoḥ vindate phalam
ekam api āsthitaḥ samyak ubhayoḥ vindate phalam
4.
bālāḥ sāṅkhyayogau pṛthak pravadanti,
paṇḍitāḥ na [pravadanti] yaḥ ekam api samyak āsthitaḥ [saḥ] ubhayoḥ phalam vindate
paṇḍitāḥ na [pravadanti] yaḥ ekam api samyak āsthitaḥ [saḥ] ubhayoḥ phalam vindate
4.
Immature persons (bālāḥ), not the wise (paṇḍitāḥ), speak of the path of knowledge (sāṅkhya) and the path of action (yoga) as distinct. One who is properly established in even one of these obtains the result of both.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- साङ्ख्ययोगौ (sāṅkhyayogau) - the path of knowledge (sāṅkhya) and the path of action (yoga) (Sāṅkhya and Yoga)
- पृथक् (pṛthak) - separately, distinctly, apart
- बालाः (bālāḥ) - ignorant persons, immature people, children
- प्रवदन्ति (pravadanti) - they say, they speak
- न (na) - not, no
- पण्डिताः (paṇḍitāḥ) - the wise, learned ones
- एकम् (ekam) - one of the two paths (Sāṅkhya or Yoga) (one, a single one)
- अपि (api) - even, also, too
- आस्थितः (āsthitaḥ) - established in, resorted to, devoted to
- सम्यक् (samyak) - properly, completely, thoroughly
- उभयोः (ubhayoḥ) - of Sāṅkhya and Yoga (of both, of the two)
- विन्दते (vindate) - he obtains, finds
- फलम् (phalam) - fruit, result, consequence
Words meanings and morphology
साङ्ख्ययोगौ (sāṅkhyayogau) - the path of knowledge (sāṅkhya) and the path of action (yoga) (Sāṅkhya and Yoga)
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, dual of sāṅkhyayoga
sāṅkhyayoga - Sāṅkhya (the path of knowledge) and Yoga (the path of action/discipline)
Compound type : dvandva (sāṅkhya+yoga)
- sāṅkhya – Sāṅkhya philosophy; relating to number; discriminative knowledge
noun (neuter) - yoga – union, spiritual discipline, method, path of action
noun (masculine)
Root: yuj (class 7)
Note: Direct object of 'pravadanti'.
पृथक् (pṛthak) - separately, distinctly, apart
(indeclinable)
Note: Adverb modifying 'pravadanti'.
बालाः (bālāḥ) - ignorant persons, immature people, children
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of bāla
bāla - child, immature, ignorant, foolish
Note: Subject of 'pravadanti'.
प्रवदन्ति (pravadanti) - they say, they speak
(verb)
3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of vad
Present active indicative
3rd person plural, present tense, active voice, with prefix pra-.
Prefix: pra
Root: vad (class 1)
न (na) - not, no
(indeclinable)
पण्डिताः (paṇḍitāḥ) - the wise, learned ones
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of paṇḍita
paṇḍita - learned, wise, scholar, pundit
Note: Subject (implied verb 'pravadanti' negated by 'na').
एकम् (ekam) - one of the two paths (Sāṅkhya or Yoga) (one, a single one)
(pronoun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of eka
eka - one, unique, single, alone
Note: Accusative, agreeing with the implied 'path' or 'system'.
अपि (api) - even, also, too
(indeclinable)
आस्थितः (āsthitaḥ) - established in, resorted to, devoted to
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of āsthita
āsthita - standing on, situated in, established in, having resorted to
Past Passive Participle
Derived from root sthā (to stand) with prefix ā-.
Prefix: ā
Root: sthā (class 1)
Note: Used adjectivally to describe the subject who 'has resorted' or 'is established'.
सम्यक् (samyak) - properly, completely, thoroughly
(indeclinable)
उभयोः (ubhayoḥ) - of Sāṅkhya and Yoga (of both, of the two)
(pronoun)
Genitive, masculine, dual of ubhaya
ubhaya - both, of two kinds
विन्दते (vindate) - he obtains, finds
(verb)
3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of vid
Present middle indicative
3rd person singular, present tense, middle voice.
Root: vid (class 6)
Note: Root vid (to find/obtain), 6th class (P. vindati, Ā. vindate).
फलम् (phalam) - fruit, result, consequence
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of phala
phala - fruit, result, consequence, reward