भगवद्गीता
bhagavad-gītā
-
chapter-14, verse-21
अर्जुन उवाच ।
कैर्लिङ्गैस्त्रीन्गुणानेतानतीतो भवति प्रभो ।
किमाचारः कथं चैतांस्त्रीन्गुणानतिवर्तते ॥२१॥
कैर्लिङ्गैस्त्रीन्गुणानेतानतीतो भवति प्रभो ।
किमाचारः कथं चैतांस्त्रीन्गुणानतिवर्तते ॥२१॥
21. arjuna uvāca ,
kairliṅgaistrīnguṇānetānatīto bhavati prabho ,
kimācāraḥ kathaṁ caitāṁstrīnguṇānativartate.
kairliṅgaistrīnguṇānetānatīto bhavati prabho ,
kimācāraḥ kathaṁ caitāṁstrīnguṇānativartate.
21.
arjunaḥ uvāca kaiḥ liṅgaiḥ trīn guṇān etān atītaḥ bhavati
prabho kim ācāraḥ katham ca etān trīn guṇān ativartate
prabho kim ācāraḥ katham ca etān trīn guṇān ativartate
21.
arjunaḥ uvāca prabho kaiḥ liṅgaiḥ
etān trīn guṇān atītaḥ
bhavati? kim ācāraḥ (saḥ)? ca katham
etān trīn guṇān ativartate?
etān trīn guṇān atītaḥ
bhavati? kim ācāraḥ (saḥ)? ca katham
etān trīn guṇān ativartate?
21.
Arjuna said: 'O Lord, by what signs is one who has transcended these three qualities (guṇas) recognized? What is his conduct? And how does one transcend these three qualities (guṇas)?'
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- अर्जुनः (arjunaḥ) - Arjuna
- उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke
- कैः (kaiḥ) - by what, by whom
- लिङ्गैः (liṅgaiḥ) - by signs, by marks, by characteristics
- त्रीन् (trīn) - three
- गुणान् (guṇān) - qualities, attributes
- एतान् (etān) - these
- अतीतः (atītaḥ) - transcended, past, one who has gone beyond
- भवति (bhavati) - becomes, is
- प्रभो (prabho) - O Lord! O Master!
- किम् (kim) - what
- आचारः (ācāraḥ) - conduct, behavior, custom
- कथम् (katham) - how, in what manner
- च (ca) - and, also
- अतिवर्तते (ativartate) - transcends, overcomes, passes beyond
Words meanings and morphology
अर्जुनः (arjunaḥ) - Arjuna
(proper noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of arjuna
arjuna - Arjuna (a name), white, clear
उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac
perfect tense (lit)
Root: vac (class 2)
कैः (kaiḥ) - by what, by whom
(pronoun)
Instrumental, masculine, plural of kim
kim - who, what, which
लिङ्गैः (liṅgaiḥ) - by signs, by marks, by characteristics
(noun)
Instrumental, neuter, plural of liṅga
liṅga - sign, mark, characteristic, symptom, gender
त्रीन् (trīn) - three
(adjective)
Accusative, masculine, plural of tri
tri - three
गुणान् (guṇān) - qualities, attributes
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, plural of guṇa
guṇa - quality, attribute, constituent of nature (prakṛti), thread, string
एतान् (etān) - these
(pronoun)
Accusative, masculine, plural of etad
etad - this, these
अतीतः (atītaḥ) - transcended, past, one who has gone beyond
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of atīta
atīta - past, gone by, transcended, one who has gone beyond
Past Passive Participle
Prefix: ati
Root: i (class 2)
भवति (bhavati) - becomes, is
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of bhū
Root: bhū (class 1)
प्रभो (prabho) - O Lord! O Master!
(noun)
Vocative, masculine, singular of prabhu
prabhu - lord, master, ruler, mighty
किम् (kim) - what
(pronoun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of kim
kim - who, what, which
आचारः (ācāraḥ) - conduct, behavior, custom
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of ācāra
ācāra - conduct, behavior, custom, practice
Prefix: ā
Root: car (class 1)
कथम् (katham) - how, in what manner
(indeclinable)
च (ca) - and, also
(indeclinable)
अतिवर्तते (ativartate) - transcends, overcomes, passes beyond
(verb)
3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of vṛt
Prefix: ati
Root: vṛt (class 1)