भगवद्गीता
bhagavad-gītā
-
chapter-14, verse-12
लोभः प्रवृत्तिरारम्भः कर्मणामशमः स्पृहा ।
रजस्येतानि जायन्ते विवृद्धे भरतर्षभ ॥१२॥
रजस्येतानि जायन्ते विवृद्धे भरतर्षभ ॥१२॥
12. lobhaḥ pravṛttirārambhaḥ karmaṇāmaśamaḥ spṛhā ,
rajasyetāni jāyante vivṛddhe bharatarṣabha.
rajasyetāni jāyante vivṛddhe bharatarṣabha.
12.
lobhaḥ pravṛttiḥ ārambhaḥ karmaṇām aśamaḥ spṛhā
rajasi etāni jāyante vivṛddhe bharatarṣabha
rajasi etāni jāyante vivṛddhe bharatarṣabha
12.
bharatarṣabha rajasi vivṛddhe lobhaḥ pravṛttiḥ
ārambhaḥ karmaṇām aśamaḥ spṛhā etāni jāyante
ārambhaḥ karmaṇām aśamaḥ spṛhā etāni jāyante
12.
O best of Bharatas, when the quality of rajas is predominant, greed, excessive activity, the initiation of undertakings, restlessness, and craving – these traits arise.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- लोभः (lobhaḥ) - greed, avarice
- प्रवृत्तिः (pravṛttiḥ) - excessive activity (activity, exertion, tendency)
- आरम्भः (ārambhaḥ) - undertaking, beginning, initiation
- कर्मणाम् (karmaṇām) - of actions (karma) (of actions, of deeds)
- अशमः (aśamaḥ) - restlessness, lack of tranquility, agitation
- स्पृहा (spṛhā) - desire, craving, longing
- रजसि (rajasi) - in rajas (the quality of passion/activity) (in rajas)
- एतानि (etāni) - these
- जायन्ते (jāyante) - are born, arise
- विवृद्धे (vivṛddhe) - when increased, when predominant, in its developed state
- भरतर्षभ (bharatarṣabha) - Arjuna (O best of Bharatas)
Words meanings and morphology
लोभः (lobhaḥ) - greed, avarice
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of lobha
lobha - greed, avarice, covetousness, desire
Root: lubh (class 4)
प्रवृत्तिः (pravṛttiḥ) - excessive activity (activity, exertion, tendency)
(noun)
Nominative, feminine, singular of pravṛtti
pravṛtti - activity, action, exertion, manifestation, tendency, course, usage
From pra-vṛt (root vṛt with prefix pra)
Prefix: pra
Root: vṛt (class 1)
आरम्भः (ārambhaḥ) - undertaking, beginning, initiation
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of ārambha
ārambha - beginning, undertaking, enterprise, commencement
From ā-rabh (root rabh with prefix ā)
Prefix: ā
Root: rabh (class 1)
कर्मणाम् (karmaṇām) - of actions (karma) (of actions, of deeds)
(noun)
Genitive, neuter, plural of karman
karman - action, deed, work, ritual, fate (karma)
From root kṛ
Root: kṛ (class 8)
अशमः (aśamaḥ) - restlessness, lack of tranquility, agitation
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of aśama
aśama - restlessness, agitation, want of tranquility
Negative particle 'a' + śama
स्पृहा (spṛhā) - desire, craving, longing
(noun)
Nominative, feminine, singular of spṛhā
spṛhā - desire, craving, longing, emulation
From root spṛh
Root: spṛh (class 10)
रजसि (rajasi) - in rajas (the quality of passion/activity) (in rajas)
(noun)
Locative, neuter, singular of rajas
rajas - dust, gloom, passion, activity, one of the three guṇas (rajas)
एतानि (etāni) - these
(pronoun)
Nominative, neuter, plural of etat
etat - this, these
जायन्ते (jāyante) - are born, arise
(verb)
3rd person , plural, middle, present (lat) of jan
Root: jan (class 4)
विवृद्धे (vivṛddhe) - when increased, when predominant, in its developed state
(adjective)
Locative, neuter, singular of vivṛddha
vivṛddha - increased, grown, developed, strengthened, predominant
Past Passive Participle
From vi-vṛdh (root vṛdh with prefix vi)
Prefix: vi
Root: vṛdh (class 1)
भरतर्षभ (bharatarṣabha) - Arjuna (O best of Bharatas)
(proper noun)
Vocative, masculine, singular of bharatarṣabha
bharatarṣabha - best of the Bharatas (a royal dynasty)
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bharata+ṛṣabha)
- bharata – Bharata (name of a king, a dynasty)
proper noun (masculine) - ṛṣabha – bull, chief, best, excellent
noun (masculine)