योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-7, chapter-176, verse-15

बुद्धिर्मनोहमित्येवं स्वप्ने पश्यदसन्मयम् ।
नमयन्त्यात्मनात्मानमविकल्पं विकल्पनैः ॥ १५ ॥

buddhirmanohamityevaṃ svapne paśyadasanmayam ,
namayantyātmanātmānamavikalpaṃ vikalpanaiḥ 15

15. buddhiḥ manaḥ aham iti evam svapne apaśyat asanmayam
namayantyā ātmanā ātmanam avikalpam vikalpanaiḥ

15. buddhiḥ ātmanā namayantyā svapne manaḥ aham iti evam
asanmayam [ca] avikalpam ātmanam vikalpanaiḥ apaśyat

15. The intellect (buddhi), through its own bending (action), perceived the mind (manas) and ego (aham) as unreal (asanmayam) in a dream, thereby causing the undivided self (ātman) to be affected by conceptualizations (vikalpana).

Words meanings summery:

• बुद्धिः (buddhiḥ) - the intellect (buddhi) (intellect, understanding, perception, reason)

• मनः (manaḥ) - the mind (manas) (mind, thought, consciousness)

• अहम् (aham) - ego (aham) (I (first person pronoun))

• इति (iti) - thus (thus, so, indicates direct speech or thought)

• एवम् (evam) - in this way (thus, in this manner, so)

• स्वप्ने (svapne) - in a dream (in a dream, in sleep)

• अपश्यत् (apaśyat) - perceived (he/she/it saw, perceived)

• असन्मयम् (asanmayam) - as unreal (unreal, non-existent, illusory)

• नमयन्त्या (namayantyā) - through its own bending (action) (by the one causing to bend, by the humbling (feminine))

• आत्मना (ātmanā) - by itself (referring to the intellect's own nature) (by the self, by oneself)

• आत्मनम् (ātmanam) - the undivided self (ātman) (the self, the soul)

• अविकल्पम् (avikalpam) - undivided (undivided, undifferentiated, non-conceptual)

• विकल्पनैः (vikalpanaiḥ) - by conceptualizations (by imaginings, by conceptualizations)

Words meanings and morphology

बुद्धिः (buddhiḥ) - the intellect (buddhi) (intellect, understanding, perception, reason)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of buddhi

buddhi - intellect, understanding, perception

From √budh (to know, perceive).

Root: budh (class 1)

Note: Subject of `apaśyat`.

मनः (manaḥ) - the mind (manas) (mind, thought, consciousness)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of manas

manas - mind, intellect, thought, consciousness

Nominative/Accusative singular of 'manas' (neuter).

Root: man (class 4)

Note: In context, an object of perception.

अहम् (aham) - ego (aham) (I (first person pronoun))

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

Nominative singular of 'asmad' (I).

Note: In context, an object of perception.

इति (iti) - thus (thus, so, indicates direct speech or thought)

(indeclinable)

एवम् (evam) - in this way (thus, in this manner, so)

(indeclinable)

स्वप्ने (svapne) - in a dream (in a dream, in sleep)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of svapna

svapna - dream, sleep

Locative singular of 'svapna'.

Root: svap (class 2)

अपश्यत् (apaśyat) - perceived (he/she/it saw, perceived)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of √dṛś

Imperfect third person singular active

Augment 'a' + root 'dṛś' (changed to 'paśya' in present/imperfect stems) + imperfect ending 't'.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

असन्मयम् (asanmayam) - as unreal (unreal, non-existent, illusory)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of asanmaya

asanmaya - unreal, non-existent, illusory, made of non-being

Compound of 'a-sat' (non-existent, unreal) and '-maya' (made of, consisting of).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (a-sat+maya)

• a-sat – non-existent, unreal, false
  adjective/noun (neuter)
  Negative prefix 'a-' + 'sat' (existent, real, present participle of √as).
  Prefix: a
  Root: as (class 2)
• maya – consisting of, made of, full of (suffix)
  suffix (neuter)
  Suffix -maya, indicates composition.

Note: Predicative adjective for the objects of perception.

नमयन्त्या (namayantyā) - through its own bending (action) (by the one causing to bend, by the humbling (feminine))

(participle)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of namayantī

namayant - causing to bend, humbling, subjecting

Present Active Participle (causative)

From causative stem of √nam (to bend, bow) + present participle suffix. Feminine instrumental singular.

Root: nam (class 1)

Note: Implies `buddhyā` (by the intellect) which is acting in a bending/humbling manner.

आत्मना (ātmanā) - by itself (referring to the intellect's own nature) (by the self, by oneself)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of ātman

ātman - self, soul, spirit, essential nature

Instrumental singular of 'ātman'.

Root: an (class 2)

Note: Functions as an instrument.

आत्मनम् (ātmanam) - the undivided self (ātman) (the self, the soul)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ātman

ātman - self, soul, spirit, essential nature

Accusative singular of 'ātman'.

Root: an (class 2)

Note: Object of `namayantyā` (implied `namayantyā` here as a transitive verb).

अविकल्पम् (avikalpam) - undivided (undivided, undifferentiated, non-conceptual)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of avikalpa

avikalpa - undivided, undifferentiated, free from conceptualization, non-conceptual

Negative prefix 'a-' + 'vikalpa' (division, conceptualization).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (a+vikalpa)

• a – not, non-, un-
  prefix
  Negative prefix.
• vikalpa – division, difference, doubt, conceptualization
  noun (masculine)
  From √kḷp (to be able, to arrange) with 'vi' prefix.
  Prefix: vi
  Root: kḷp (class 1)

Note: Agrees with `ātmanam`.

विकल्पनैः (vikalpanaiḥ) - by conceptualizations (by imaginings, by conceptualizations)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, plural of vikalpana

vikalpana - imagining, conceptualization, differentiation

Instrumental plural of 'vikalpana'.

Prefix: vi

Root: kḷp (class 1)

Note: Instrument by which bending occurs.

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