योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-7, chapter-127, verse-1

श्रीराम उवाच ।
भगवन्कथयैतन्मे कथं भूगोलकं स्थितम् ।
कथमृक्षगणो याति लोकालोकः कथं गिरिः ॥ १ ॥

śrīrāma uvāca ,
bhagavankathayaitanme kathaṃ bhūgolakaṃ sthitam ,
kathamṛkṣagaṇo yāti lokālokaḥ kathaṃ giriḥ 1

1. śrīrāmaḥ uvāca bhagavan kathaya etat me katham bhū-golakam
sthitam katham ṛkṣa-gaṇaḥ yāti loka-ālokaḥ katham giriḥ

1. śrīrāmaḥ uvāca he bhagavan me etat kathaya katham bhū-golakam
sthitam katham ṛkṣa-gaṇaḥ yāti ca katham loka-ālokaḥ giriḥ

1. Śrī Rāma said: O revered one, please explain this to me: how is the earthly globe (bhū-golakam) positioned? How do the constellations move? And how is the Lokāloka mountain situated?

Words meanings summery:

• श्रीरामः (śrīrāmaḥ) - Lord Rama

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• भगवन् (bhagavan) - Addressed to Vasiṣṭha. (O Lord, O revered one, O venerable one)

• कथय (kathaya) - tell, explain, relate

• एतत् (etat) - refers to the questions about the earth, stars, and Lokāloka mountain (this, that)

• मे (me) - to me, my, for me

• कथम् (katham) - how, in what manner

• भू-गोलकम् (bhū-golakam) - the planet Earth (the earthly globe, the world sphere)

• स्थितम् (sthitam) - how it is placed or exists (situated, located, standing, existing)

• कथम् (katham) - how, in what manner

• ऋक्ष-गणः (ṛkṣa-gaṇaḥ) - refers to the celestial bodies (host of stars, group of constellations)

• याति (yāti) - goes, moves, proceeds

• लोक-आलोकः (loka-ālokaḥ) - The boundary mountain separating the visible world from the invisible. (Lokāloka (name of a mythical mountain))

• कथम् (katham) - how, in what manner

• गिरिः (giriḥ) - Refers to the Lokāloka mountain. (mountain, hill)

Words meanings and morphology

श्रीरामः (śrīrāmaḥ) - Lord Rama

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śrīrāma

śrīrāma - Lord Rama, an incarnation of Viṣṇu

Compound of Śrī and Rāma.

Note: Subject of uvāca.

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (past) (liṭ) of vac

Perfect active, 3rd person singular

From √vac (to speak), perfect tense (liṭ).

Root: vac (class 2)

भगवन् (bhagavan) - Addressed to Vasiṣṭha. (O Lord, O revered one, O venerable one)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bhagavat

bhagavat - blessed, fortunate, divine, venerable, adorable, glorious, prosperous, Lord

From bhaga (fortune, prosperity) + -vat (possessive suffix).

Root: bhaj (class 1)

कथय (kathaya) - tell, explain, relate

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of kath

Imperative active, 2nd person singular

From √kath (to tell), 10th class verb (denominative from katha noun).

Root: kath (class 10)

एतत् (etat) - refers to the questions about the earth, stars, and Lokāloka mountain (this, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of etad

etad - this, that

Demonstrative pronoun.

मे (me) - to me, my, for me

(pronoun)

Dative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

Enclitic pronoun, variant of mama or mahyam.

कथम् (katham) - how, in what manner

(indeclinable)

From kim (what) + -tham (suffix for manner).

भू-गोलकम् (bhū-golakam) - the planet Earth (the earthly globe, the world sphere)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of bhū-golaka

bhū-golaka - the earthly globe, the world sphere, the planet Earth

Compound.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bhū+golaka)

• bhū – earth, land, ground
  noun (feminine)
  From √bhū (to be).
  Root: bhū (class 1)
• golaka – sphere, globe, ball
  noun (neuter)
  From gola (ball) + -ka (diminutive/suffix).

Note: Subject of sthitam.

स्थितम् (sthitam) - how it is placed or exists (situated, located, standing, existing)

(participle)

Nominative, neuter, singular of sthita

sthita - stood, placed, situated, fixed, existing

Past Passive Participle

From √sthā (to stand) + -ta.

Root: sthā (class 1)

कथम् (katham) - how, in what manner

(indeclinable)

From kim (what) + -tham (suffix for manner).

ऋक्ष-गणः (ṛkṣa-gaṇaḥ) - refers to the celestial bodies (host of stars, group of constellations)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ṛkṣa-gaṇa

ṛkṣa-gaṇa - host of stars, group of constellations

Compound.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (ṛkṣa+gaṇa)

• ṛkṣa – star, constellation, bear (Great Bear constellation)
  noun (neuter)
• gaṇa – group, host, multitude, collection
  noun (masculine)
  From √gaṇ (to count).
  Root: gaṇ (class 10)

Note: Subject of yāti.

याति (yāti) - goes, moves, proceeds

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of yā

Present active indicative, 3rd person singular

From √yā (to go), 2nd class verb.

Root: yā (class 2)

लोक-आलोकः (loka-ālokaḥ) - The boundary mountain separating the visible world from the invisible. (Lokāloka (name of a mythical mountain))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of loka-āloka

loka-āloka - name of a mythical mountain that separates the visible world (loka) from the invisible (aloka)

Compound.

Compound type : dvandva (loka+aloka)

• loka – world, realm, people, visible universe
  noun (masculine)
  From √lok (to see).
  Root: lok (class 1)
• aloka – non-world, invisible, beyond the world
  noun (masculine)
  Negative prefix a- + loka.

Note: Subject.

कथम् (katham) - how, in what manner

(indeclinable)

From kim (what) + -tham (suffix for manner).

गिरिः (giriḥ) - Refers to the Lokāloka mountain. (mountain, hill)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of giri

giri - mountain, hill, rock

From √gṛ (to swallow, to move).

Root: gṛ (class 6)

Note: Predicate noun for loka-ālokaḥ.