योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-6, chapter-122, verse-3

वाचामतीतविषयो विषयाशादशोज्झितः ।
कामप्युपगतः शोभां शरदीव नभस्तलम् ॥ ३ ॥

vācāmatītaviṣayo viṣayāśādaśojjhitaḥ ,
kāmapyupagataḥ śobhāṃ śaradīva nabhastalam 3

3. vācām atītaviṣayaḥ viṣayāśādaśā ujjhitaḥ kām
api upagataḥ śobhām śaradi iva nabhastalam

3. vācām atītaviṣayaḥ viṣayāśādaśā ujjhitaḥ kām
api śobhām upagataḥ śaradi iva nabhastalam

3. Whose experience is beyond words, and who is free from the state of desiring objects of the senses, attains a unique splendor, like the sky in autumn.

Words meanings summery:

• वाचाम् (vācām) - of words, of speech

• अतीतविषयः (atītaviṣayaḥ) - whose object/domain is beyond, inexpressible

• विषयाशादशा (viṣayāśādaśā) - the state of desiring objects of the senses

• उज्झितः (ujjhitaḥ) - freed from, abandoned

• काम् (kām) - a certain, some

• अपि (api) - even, also, indeed, a certain

• उपगतः (upagataḥ) - attained, reached, experienced

• शोभाम् (śobhām) - splendor, beauty, radiance

• शरदि (śaradi) - in autumn

• इव (iva) - like, as if

• नभस्तलम् (nabhastalam) - the sky, expanse of sky

Words meanings and morphology

वाचाम् (vācām) - of words, of speech

(noun)

Genitive, feminine, plural of vāc

vāc - speech, word, voice, language

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Possessive, 'of words'.

अतीतविषयः (atītaviṣayaḥ) - whose object/domain is beyond, inexpressible

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of atītaviṣaya

atītaviṣaya - beyond the object/sphere, transcendental, inexpressible

Compound of atīta (gone beyond) and viṣaya (object, sphere).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (atīta+viṣaya)

• atīta – gone past, bygone, transcended
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root √i (to go) with prefix ati-.
  Prefix: ati
  Root: i (class 2)
• viṣaya – object of sense, domain, sphere, territory, matter
  noun (masculine)
  From root √si (to bind) with prefix vi- and suffix -aya.
  Prefix: vi
  Root: si

Note: Agrees with the implicit subject.

विषयाशादशा (viṣayāśādaśā) - the state of desiring objects of the senses

(noun)

feminine, singular of viṣayāśādaśā

viṣayāśādaśā - state of desiring objects of the senses

Compound of viṣaya (sense object), āśā (desire), and daśā (state).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (viṣaya+āśā+daśā)

• viṣaya – object of sense, domain, sphere, territory, matter
  noun (masculine)
  From root √si (to bind) with prefix vi- and suffix -aya.
  Prefix: vi
  Root: si
• āśā – hope, desire, expectation, direction
  noun (feminine)
  From root √aś (to attain).
  Prefix: ā
  Root: aś (class 5)
• daśā – state, condition, period, circumstances
  noun (feminine)
  From root daś (to bite) or from the noun daś (ten). Here, meaning 'state'.

Note: Used within the instrumental context of 'ujjhitaḥ'.

उज्झितः (ujjhitaḥ) - freed from, abandoned

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ujjhita

ujjhita - abandoned, forsaken, thrown away, free from

Past Passive Participle

From root √hā (to abandon) with prefix ud- + jhi (a secondary root from ud-hṛ).

Prefix: ud

Root: hā (class 3)

Note: Participial adjective modifying the implicit subject ('he').

काम् (kām) - a certain, some

(pronoun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of kim

kim - what, which, who

Interrogative pronoun, here used as an indefinite pronoun.

Note: Used with 'api' to mean 'some' or 'any'.

अपि (api) - even, also, indeed, a certain

(indeclinable)

Particle.

Note: Used to form indefinite pronoun.

उपगतः (upagataḥ) - attained, reached, experienced

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of upagata

upagata - attained, reached, approached, experienced

Past Passive Participle

From root √gam (to go) with prefix upa-.

Prefix: upa

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Participial adjective modifying the implicit subject ('he').

शोभाम् (śobhām) - splendor, beauty, radiance

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of śobhā

śobhā - splendor, beauty, radiance, luster

From root śubh (to shine, be beautiful).

Root: śubh (class 1)

Note: Object of 'upagataḥ' (one who has attained).

शरदि (śaradi) - in autumn

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of śarad

śarad - autumn, a year

Root form of the word for autumn.

Note: Indicates the season of comparison.

इव (iva) - like, as if

(indeclinable)

Particle of comparison.

नभस्तलम् (nabhastalam) - the sky, expanse of sky

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of nabhastala

nabhastala - sky, expanse of sky, atmosphere

Compound of nabhas (sky) and tala (surface, plane).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nabhas+tala)

• nabhas – sky, atmosphere, cloud, ether
  noun (neuter)
• tala – surface, plane, ground, flat part
  noun (neuter)

Note: Functions as the subject of comparison.