योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-6, chapter-122, verse-1

मनुरुवाच ।
येन केनचिदाच्छन्नो येन केनचिदाशितः ।
यत्रक्वचनशायी च स सम्राडिव राजते ॥ १ ॥

manuruvāca ,
yena kenacidācchanno yena kenacidāśitaḥ ,
yatrakvacanaśāyī ca sa samrāḍiva rājate 1

1. manuḥ uvāca yena kenacit ācchannaḥ yena kenacit
āśitaḥ yatrakvacanaśāyī ca saḥ samrāṭ iva rājate

1. yena kenacit ācchannaḥ yena kenacit āśitaḥ
yatrakvacanaśāyī ca saḥ samrāṭ iva rājate

1. Manu said: "Clothed in whatever is available, eating whatever is offered, and sleeping wherever he happens to be, such a person shines like an emperor."

Words meanings summery:

• मनुः (manuḥ) - Manu

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• येन (yena) - by which, by whatever

• केनचित् (kenacit) - by anything, by whatsoever

• आच्छन्नः (ācchannaḥ) - covered, clothed

• आशितः (āśitaḥ) - fed, having eaten

• यत्रक्वचनशायी (yatrakvacanaśāyī) - sleeping anywhere, lying down wherever

• च (ca) - and

• सः (saḥ) - he, that person

• सम्राट् (samrāṭ) - emperor, sovereign

• इव (iva) - like, as if

• राजते (rājate) - shines, appears splendid, rules

Words meanings and morphology

मनुः (manuḥ) - Manu

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of manu

manu - Manu (a primordial man, lawgiver, progenitor of humanity)

Root: man (class 4)

Note: The subject of the verb 'uvāca'.

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect Active Indicative (lit)

Third person singular perfect active indicative of root √vac.

Root: vac (class 2)

येन (yena) - by which, by whatever

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of ya

ya - which, what, who

Note: Refers to 'clothing' or 'food' implicitly.

केनचित् (kenacit) - by anything, by whatsoever

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of kimcit

kimcit - anything, something, whatever

From kim (what) + cit (an indeclinable suffix for indefiniteness).

Note: Agrees with 'yena'.

आच्छन्नः (ācchannaḥ) - covered, clothed

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ācchanna

ācchanna - covered, clothed, concealed, veiled

Past Passive Participle

From root √chad (to cover) with prefix ā-.

Prefix: ā

Root: chad (class 1)

Note: Participial adjective modifying the implicit subject ('he').

आशितः (āśitaḥ) - fed, having eaten

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of āśita

āśita - fed, having eaten, satisfied with food

Past Passive Participle

From root √aś (to eat) with prefix ā-.

Prefix: ā

Root: aś (class 9)

Note: Participial adjective modifying the implicit subject ('he').

यत्रक्वचनशायी (yatrakvacanaśāyī) - sleeping anywhere, lying down wherever

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yatrakvacanaśāyin

yatrakvacanaśāyin - one who sleeps anywhere, sleeping wherever

Agent Noun

Compound of yatra kvacana (wherever) and śāyin (one who sleeps). 'śāyin' is derived from root śī (to sleep).

Compound type : upapada (yatra+kvacana+śāyin)

• yatra – where, in which place, to which
  indeclinable
  Adverb derived from relative pronoun ya.
• kvacana – anywhere, in any place, at all
  indeclinable
  From kva (where) + cana (indeclinable suffix for indefiniteness).
• śāyin – sleeping, lying, resting, one who sleeps
  noun (masculine)
  Agent Noun
  Derived from root √śī (to sleep) with the suffix -in.
  Root: śī (class 2)

Note: Agrees with the implicit subject ('he').

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects the three clauses describing the person.

सः (saḥ) - he, that person

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Subject of 'rājate'.

सम्राट् (samrāṭ) - emperor, sovereign

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of samrāṭ

samrāṭ - emperor, sovereign, universal monarch

From sam (together, completely) + rāj (to rule).

Prefix: sam

Root: rāj (class 1)

Note: Used in comparison with 'iva'.

इव (iva) - like, as if

(indeclinable)

Particle of comparison.

राजते (rājate) - shines, appears splendid, rules

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of rāj

Present Middle Indicative

Third person singular present middle indicative of root √rāj.

Root: rāj (class 1)

Note: The subject is 'saḥ'.