योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-5, chapter-81, verse-4

सिद्धः स्थाणुपरिस्पन्दो नौगतस्य यथा शिशोः ।
अबुद्धस्य न बुद्धस्य तथा चित्तमसन्मयम् ॥ ४ ॥

siddhaḥ sthāṇuparispando naugatasya yathā śiśoḥ ,
abuddhasya na buddhasya tathā cittamasanmayam 4

4. siddhaḥ sthāṇuparispandaḥ naugatasya yathā śiśoḥ
abuddhasya na buddhasya tathā cittaṃ asanmayam

4. yathā naugatasya śiśoḥ sthāṇuparispandaḥ siddhaḥ
tathā abuddhasya na buddhasya cittaṃ asanmayam

4. Just as the apparent motion of a stationary post (sthāṇu) is perceived by a child who is aboard a boat, similarly, the mind (citta), being unreal in nature, is (experienced as real) by the unenlightened, but not by the enlightened.

Words meanings summery:

• सिद्धः (siddhaḥ) - apparent (in the sense of being perceived, even if illusory) (accomplished, established, apparent, proven)

• स्थाणुपरिस्पन्दः (sthāṇuparispandaḥ) - apparent movement of a stationary object (movement of a stationary post, vibration of a pillar)

• नौगतस्य (naugatasya) - of one who is in a boat, of a boat-rider

• यथा (yathā) - as, just as, like

• शिशोः (śiśoḥ) - of a child, by a child

• अबुद्धस्य (abuddhasya) - of the unenlightened, of the ignorant

• न (na) - not, no

• बुद्धस्य (buddhasya) - of the enlightened, of the wise

• तथा (tathā) - so, similarly, thus

• चित्तं (cittaṁ) - mind, thought, consciousness

• असन्मयम् (asanmayam) - consisting of unreality, unreal in nature, illusory

Words meanings and morphology

सिद्धः (siddhaḥ) - apparent (in the sense of being perceived, even if illusory) (accomplished, established, apparent, proven)

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of siddha

siddha - accomplished, perfect, proven, established, manifest

Past Passive Participle

From root sidh (to accomplish, to succeed)

Root: sidh (class 1)

स्थाणुपरिस्पन्दः (sthāṇuparispandaḥ) - apparent movement of a stationary object (movement of a stationary post, vibration of a pillar)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sthāṇuparispanda

sthāṇuparispanda - movement/vibration of a pillar/post

Compound noun

Compound type : tatpurusha (sthāṇu+parispanda)

• sthāṇu – pillar, post, trunk of a tree, stationary object
  noun (masculine)
  From root sthā (to stand)
  Root: sthā (class 1)
• parispanda – movement, trembling, vibration
  noun (masculine)
  pari (around) + spanda (vibration/movement, from spand root)
  Prefix: pari
  Root: spand (class 1)

Note: Subject of the first part of the simile.

नौगतस्य (naugatasya) - of one who is in a boat, of a boat-rider

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of naugata

naugata - gone in a boat, situated in a boat, boat-rider

Compound nau (boat) + gata (gone, from root gam).

Compound type : tatpurusha (nau+gata)

• nau – boat, ship
  noun (feminine)
• gata – gone, arrived at, being in
  participle
  Past Passive Participle
  From root gam (to go)
  Root: gam (class 1)

यथा (yathā) - as, just as, like

(indeclinable)

correlative adverb, corresponds to tathā

शिशोः (śiśoḥ) - of a child, by a child

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of śiśu

śiśu - child, infant, young one

U-stem noun

अबुद्धस्य (abuddhasya) - of the unenlightened, of the ignorant

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of abuddha

abuddha - unenlightened, ignorant, unaware, not perceived

Past Passive Participle (negated)

a (negation) + buddha (enlightened, known, understood, from root budh)

Compound type : na-tatpurusha (a+buddha)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
  negating prefix
• buddha – awakened, enlightened, known, understood
  participle
  Past Passive Participle
  From root budh (to awaken, to know)
  Root: budh (class 1)

Note: Refers to the unenlightened individual.

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

negating particle

बुद्धस्य (buddhasya) - of the enlightened, of the wise

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of buddha

buddha - awakened, enlightened, known, understood

Past Passive Participle

From root budh (to awaken, to know)

Root: budh (class 1)

Note: Refers to the enlightened individual.

तथा (tathā) - so, similarly, thus

(indeclinable)

correlative adverb, corresponds to yathā

चित्तं (cittaṁ) - mind, thought, consciousness

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of citta

citta - mind, thought, consciousness, understanding

From root cit (to perceive, to know) + kta suffix (past passive participle used as noun).

Root: cit (class 1)

Note: Subject of the second part of the simile.

असन्मयम् (asanmayam) - consisting of unreality, unreal in nature, illusory

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of asanmaya

asanmaya - consisting of unreality, unreal, illusory

asat (unreal) + maya (consisting of, made of).

Compound type : karmadharaya (asat+maya)

• asat – unreal, non-existent, false
  adjective
  Present Active Participle (negated)
  a (negation) + sat (existent, real, from root as).
  Root: as (class 2)
• maya – made of, consisting of, full of
  suffix
  Forms adjectives

Note: Predicate adjective for cittaṃ.