योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-4, chapter-30, verse-8

धर्मराजोऽथ तं देशं कदाचित्समुपाययौ ।
महानरककार्याणां विचारार्थं यदृच्छया ॥ ८ ॥

dharmarājo'tha taṃ deśaṃ kadācitsamupāyayau ,
mahānarakakāryāṇāṃ vicārārthaṃ yadṛcchayā 8

8. dharmarājaḥ atha tam deśam kadācit samupāyayau
mahānarakakāryāṇām vicārārtham yadṛcchayā

8. atha dharmarājaḥ kadācit tam deśam mahānarakakāryāṇām
vicārārtham yadṛcchayā samupāyayau

8. Then, Dharmarāja (Yama), by chance, once came to that region to investigate the deeds that lead to great hell.

Words meanings summery:

• धर्मराजः (dharmarājaḥ) - Yama, the lord of justice (the king of dharma (natural law), Yama)

• अथ (atha) - then, now, moreover

• तम् (tam) - that (masculine)

• देशम् (deśam) - region, country, place

• कदाचित् (kadācit) - once, at some time, perhaps

• समुपाययौ (samupāyayau) - he approached, he came near

• महानरककार्याणाम् (mahānarakakāryāṇām) - of the deeds leading to great hell, of the actions of great hell

• विचारार्थम् (vicārārtham) - for the sake of investigation/judgment, for judgment

• यदृच्छया (yadṛcchayā) - by chance, accidentally, spontaneously

Words meanings and morphology

धर्मराजः (dharmarājaḥ) - Yama, the lord of justice (the king of dharma (natural law), Yama)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dharmarāja

dharmarāja - king of dharma (natural law), lord of justice, Yama

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dharma+rāja)

• dharma – constitution, natural law, intrinsic nature, righteousness, duty
  noun (masculine)
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)
• rāja – king, ruler, sovereign
  noun (masculine)

अथ (atha) - then, now, moreover

(indeclinable)

तम् (tam) - that (masculine)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, those, he, she, it

देशम् (deśam) - region, country, place

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of deśa

deśa - place, spot, region, country

कदाचित् (kadācit) - once, at some time, perhaps

(indeclinable)

समुपाययौ (samupāyayau) - he approached, he came near

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of gam

Root verb, 1st conjugation (para.)

Prefixes: sam+upa+ā

Root: gam (class 1)

महानरककार्याणाम् (mahānarakakāryāṇām) - of the deeds leading to great hell, of the actions of great hell

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, plural of mahānarakakārya

mahānarakakārya - a deed/action related to great hell, an act causing great hell

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (mahā+naraka+kārya)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• naraka – hell, Hades, infernal region
  noun (masculine)
• kārya – deed, action, work, business, to be done
  noun (neuter)
  Gerundive
  Derived from root 'kṛ' with suffix 'ṇyat'
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

विचारार्थम् (vicārārtham) - for the sake of investigation/judgment, for judgment

(indeclinable)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vicāra+artha)

• vicāra – investigation, consideration, deliberation, judgment
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: vi
  Root: car (class 1)
• artha – purpose, meaning, object, wealth
  noun (masculine)

यदृच्छया (yadṛcchayā) - by chance, accidentally, spontaneously

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of yadṛcchā

yadṛcchā - chance, accident, spontaneity, free will