योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-4, chapter-30, verse-16

दावाग्निक्वथिताल्पाल्पपङ्ककल्पाम्बुपायिनः ।
न म्रियन्ते न जीवन्ति जरज्जम्बालजर्जराः ॥ १६ ॥

dāvāgnikvathitālpālpapaṅkakalpāmbupāyinaḥ ,
na mriyante na jīvanti jarajjambālajarjarāḥ 16

16. dāvāgni-kvathita-alpa-alpa-paṅka-kalpa-ambu-pāyinaḥ
| na mriyante na jīvanti jarat-jambāla-jarjarāḥ ||

16. dāvāgni-kvathita-alpa-alpa-paṅka-kalpa-ambu-pāyinaḥ
jarat-jambāla-jarjarāḥ na mriyante na jīvanti

16. Drinking the extremely scant, mud-like water, heated by forest fires, they neither truly die nor truly live, broken and weakened by the decaying swampy mud.

Words meanings summery:

• दावाग्नि-क्वथित-अल्प-अल्प-पङ्क-कल्प-अम्बु-पायिनः (dāvāgni-kvathita-alpa-alpa-paṅka-kalpa-ambu-pāyinaḥ) - drinking the extremely scant, mud-like water, heated by forest fires (those who drink tiny mud-like water heated by forest fire)

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• म्रियन्ते (mriyante) - they die

• न (na) - nor (not, no)

• जीवन्ति (jīvanti) - they live

• जरत्-जम्बाल-जर्जराः (jarat-jambāla-jarjarāḥ) - broken and weakened by the decaying swampy mud (shattered/worn out by decaying mud)

Words meanings and morphology

दावाग्नि-क्वथित-अल्प-अल्प-पङ्क-कल्प-अम्बु-पायिनः (dāvāgni-kvathita-alpa-alpa-paṅka-kalpa-ambu-pāyinaḥ) - drinking the extremely scant, mud-like water, heated by forest fires (those who drink tiny mud-like water heated by forest fire)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of dāvāgni-kvathita-alpa-alpa-paṅka-kalpa-ambu-pāyin

dāvāgni-kvathita-alpa-alpa-paṅka-kalpa-ambu-pāyin - one who drinks tiny mud-like water boiled by forest fire

Agent Noun (suffix -in)

Compound noun formed from dāvāgni (forest fire), kvathita (boiled), alpa-alpa (very little), paṅka-kalpa (mud-like), ambu (water), and pāyin (drinker).

Compound type : tatpurusha (dāvāgni+kvathita+alpa-alpa+paṅka-kalpa+ambu+pāyin)

• dāvāgni – forest fire
  noun (masculine)
• kvathita – boiled, heated, cooked
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root kvath (to boil)
  Root: kvath (class 1)
• alpa-alpa – very little, tiny, extremely small
  adjective (neuter)
  Reduplication for emphasis
• paṅka-kalpa – mud-like, resembling mud
  adjective (neuter)
• ambu – water
  noun (neuter)
• pāyin – drinker, one who drinks
  noun (masculine)
  Agent Noun
  Derived from root pā (to drink) with suffix -in
  Root: pā (class 1)

Note: Refers to the fish (matsyāḥ) from the previous verse.

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

म्रियन्ते (mriyante) - they die

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, present (laṭ) of mṛ

Present Indicative

3rd person, plural, present tense, middle voice

Root: mṛ (class 6)

Note: Used with 'na' to mean 'they do not die'.

न (na) - nor (not, no)

(indeclinable)

जीवन्ति (jīvanti) - they live

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of jīv

Present Indicative

3rd person, plural, present tense, active voice

Root: jīv (class 1)

Note: Used with 'na' to mean 'they do not live'.

जरत्-जम्बाल-जर्जराः (jarat-jambāla-jarjarāḥ) - broken and weakened by the decaying swampy mud (shattered/worn out by decaying mud)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of jarat-jambāla-jarjara

jarat-jambāla-jarjara - worn out by aging mud/swamp

Compound adjective

Compound type : tatpurusha (jarat+jambāla+jarjara)

• jarat – aging, decaying, wearing out
  adjective
  Present Active Participle
  Derived from root jṛ (to decay, grow old)
  Root: jṛ (class 1)
• jambāla – mud, swamp, marsh
  noun (masculine)
• jarjara – shattered, worn out, dilapidated, broken
  adjective (masculine)

Note: Qualifies the implied subject, the fish.