योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-4, chapter-30, verse-16

दावाग्निक्वथिताल्पाल्पपङ्ककल्पाम्बुपायिनः ।
न म्रियन्ते न जीवन्ति जरज्जम्बालजर्जराः ॥ १६ ॥

dāvāgnikvathitālpālpapaṅkakalpāmbupāyinaḥ ,
na mriyante na jīvanti jarajjambālajarjarāḥ 16

16. dāvāgni-kvathita-alpa-alpa-paṅka-kalpa-ambu-pāyinaḥ
| na mriyante na jīvanti jarat-jambāla-jarjarāḥ ||

16. dāvāgni-kvathita-alpa-alpa-paṅka-kalpa-ambu-pāyinaḥ
jarat-jambāla-jarjarāḥ na mriyante na jīvanti

16. Drinking the extremely scant, mud-like water, heated by forest fires, they neither truly die nor truly live, broken and weakened by the decaying swampy mud.

16. כשהם שותים מעט מים מעורבים ברפש שרתחו מאש היער, הם אינם מתים ואינם חיים ממש, מותשים ובלויים בתוך הבוץ הלוהט.

Words meanings summery:

• दावाग्नि-क्वथित-अल्प-अल्प-पङ्क-कल्प-अम्बु-पायिनः (dāvāgni-kvathita-alpa-alpa-paṅka-kalpa-ambu-pāyinaḥ) - drinking the extremely scant, mud-like water, heated by forest fires (those who drink tiny mud-like water heated by forest fire)

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• म्रियन्ते (mriyante) - they die

• न (na) - nor (not, no)

• जीवन्ति (jīvanti) - they live

• जरत्-जम्बाल-जर्जराः (jarat-jambāla-jarjarāḥ) - broken and weakened by the decaying swampy mud (shattered/worn out by decaying mud)

Words meanings and morphology

दावाग्नि-क्वथित-अल्प-अल्प-पङ्क-कल्प-अम्बु-पायिनः (dāvāgni-kvathita-alpa-alpa-paṅka-kalpa-ambu-pāyinaḥ) - drinking the extremely scant, mud-like water, heated by forest fires (those who drink tiny mud-like water heated by forest fire)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of dāvāgni-kvathita-alpa-alpa-paṅka-kalpa-ambu-pāyin

dāvāgni-kvathita-alpa-alpa-paṅka-kalpa-ambu-pāyin - one who drinks tiny mud-like water boiled by forest fire

Agent Noun (suffix -in)

Compound noun formed from dāvāgni (forest fire), kvathita (boiled), alpa-alpa (very little), paṅka-kalpa (mud-like), ambu (water), and pāyin (drinker).

Compound type : tatpurusha (dāvāgni+kvathita+alpa-alpa+paṅka-kalpa+ambu+pāyin)

• dāvāgni – forest fire
  noun (masculine)
• kvathita – boiled, heated, cooked
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root kvath (to boil)
  Root: kvath (class 1)
• alpa-alpa – very little, tiny, extremely small
  adjective (neuter)
  Reduplication for emphasis
• paṅka-kalpa – mud-like, resembling mud
  adjective (neuter)
• ambu – water
  noun (neuter)
• pāyin – drinker, one who drinks
  noun (masculine)
  Agent Noun
  Derived from root pā (to drink) with suffix -in
  Root: pā (class 1)

Note: Refers to the fish (matsyāḥ) from the previous verse.

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

म्रियन्ते (mriyante) - they die

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, present (laṭ) of mṛ

Present Indicative

3rd person, plural, present tense, middle voice

Root: mṛ (class 6)

Note: Used with 'na' to mean 'they do not die'.

न (na) - nor (not, no)

(indeclinable)

जीवन्ति (jīvanti) - they live

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of jīv

Present Indicative

3rd person, plural, present tense, active voice

Root: jīv (class 1)

Note: Used with 'na' to mean 'they do not live'.

जरत्-जम्बाल-जर्जराः (jarat-jambāla-jarjarāḥ) - broken and weakened by the decaying swampy mud (shattered/worn out by decaying mud)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of jarat-jambāla-jarjara

jarat-jambāla-jarjara - worn out by aging mud/swamp

Compound adjective

Compound type : tatpurusha (jarat+jambāla+jarjara)

• jarat – aging, decaying, wearing out
  adjective
  Present Active Participle
  Derived from root jṛ (to decay, grow old)
  Root: jṛ (class 1)
• jambāla – mud, swamp, marsh
  noun (masculine)
• jarjara – shattered, worn out, dilapidated, broken
  adjective (masculine)

Note: Qualifies the implied subject, the fish.

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