योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-1, chapter-14, verse-18

प्रस्नुवानैरविच्छेदं तुच्छैरन्तरवासिभिः ।
दुःखैरावृश्च्यते क्रूरैर्घुणैरिव जरद्द्रुमः ॥ १८ ॥

prasnuvānairavicchedaṃ tucchairantaravāsibhiḥ ,
duḥkhairāvṛścyate krūrairghuṇairiva jaraddrumaḥ 18

18. prasnuvānaiḥ avicchedam tucchaiḥ antaravāsibhiḥ
duḥkhaiḥ āvṛścyate krūraiḥ ghuṇaiḥ iva jaraddrumaḥ

18. Just as an old, decaying tree is gnawed away by cruel worms dwelling within that incessantly bore into it, so too is a person destroyed by trivial, internal sorrows that continuously afflict them without interruption.

Words meanings summery:

• प्रस्नुवानैः (prasnuvānaiḥ) - by sorrows that continuously afflict (by those continuously dripping/oozing, by constantly flowing)

• अविच्छेदम् (avicchedam) - without interruption, incessantly

• तुच्छैः (tucchaiḥ) - by trivial sorrows (by trivial, by insignificant, by hollow ones)

• अन्तरवासिभिः (antaravāsibhiḥ) - by internal sorrows (by those dwelling within, by internal ones)

• दुःखैः (duḥkhaiḥ) - by sorrows, by pains, by sufferings

• आवृश्च्यते (āvṛścyate) - is cut down, is gnawed away, is destroyed

• क्रूरैः (krūraiḥ) - by cruel worms; by cruel sorrows (by cruel, by harsh, by fierce ones)

• घुणैः (ghuṇaiḥ) - by worms, by borers, by white ants

• इव (iva) - like, as, as if

• जरद्द्रुमः (jaraddrumaḥ) - an old tree, a decaying tree

Words meanings and morphology

प्रस्नुवानैः (prasnuvānaiḥ) - by sorrows that continuously afflict (by those continuously dripping/oozing, by constantly flowing)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of prasnuvat

prasnuvat - continuously dripping, oozing, flowing, exuding

Present Active Participle

Present Active Participle of root √snu (to flow, to drop) with prefix pra-.

Prefix: pra

Root: snu (class 2)

अविच्छेदम् (avicchedam) - without interruption, incessantly

(indeclinable)

Adverbial form of aviccheda, a negative compound of viccheda (interruption).

Compound type : Nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+viccheda)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix
• viccheda – separation, interruption, breaking off
  noun (masculine)

तुच्छैः (tucchaiḥ) - by trivial sorrows (by trivial, by insignificant, by hollow ones)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of tuccha

tuccha - trivial, insignificant, empty, hollow, small

अन्तरवासिभिः (antaravāsibhiḥ) - by internal sorrows (by those dwelling within, by internal ones)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of antaravāsin

antaravāsin - dwelling within, internal resident, inhabitant

Compound of antara (within) and vāsin (dwelling).

Compound type : Saptamī-tatpuruṣa (antara+vāsin)

• antara – inside, internal, in the middle, difference
  indeclinable (neuter)
• vāsin – dwelling, residing, inhabiting (agent noun)
  adjective
  Agent noun
  Agent noun from root √vas (to dwell).
  Root: vas (class 1)

दुःखैः (duḥkhaiḥ) - by sorrows, by pains, by sufferings

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, plural of duḥkha

duḥkha - sorrow, pain, suffering, misery, difficulty

आवृश्च्यते (āvṛścyate) - is cut down, is gnawed away, is destroyed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (lat) of āvṛśc

Passive voice of root √vṛśc (to cut, tear) with prefix ā-.

Prefix: ā

Root: vṛśc (class 6)

क्रूरैः (krūraiḥ) - by cruel worms; by cruel sorrows (by cruel, by harsh, by fierce ones)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of krūra

krūra - cruel, harsh, fierce, dreadful, savage

घुणैः (ghuṇaiḥ) - by worms, by borers, by white ants

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of ghuṇa

ghuṇa - woodworm, borer, white ant, beetle

इव (iva) - like, as, as if

(indeclinable)

जरद्द्रुमः (jaraddrumaḥ) - an old tree, a decaying tree

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of jaraddruma

jaraddruma - old tree, decaying tree

Karmadhāraya compound of jarat (old, decaying) and druma (tree).

Compound type : Karmadhāraya (jarat+druma)

• jarat – old, decaying, worn out
  adjective
  Present Active Participle
  Present Active Participle of root √jṝ (to wear out, decay).
  Root: jṝ (class 9)
• druma – tree, wood
  noun (masculine)