योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-1, chapter-14, verse-21

दिनैः कतिपयैरेव परिज्ञाय गतादरम् ।
दुर्जनः सुजनेनेव यौवनेनावमुच्यते ॥ २१ ॥

dinaiḥ katipayaireva parijñāya gatādaram ,
durjanaḥ sujaneneva yauvanenāvamucyate 21

21. dinaiḥ katipayaiḥ eva parijñāya gatādaram
durjanaḥ sujanena iva yauvanena avamucyate

21. After a few days, having been completely understood and having lost its appeal, a person is abandoned by youth, just as a wicked person is abandoned by a good person.

Words meanings summery:

• दिनैः (dinaiḥ) - in a few days (by days)

• कतिपयैः (katipayaiḥ) - by a few, by some

• एव (eva) - only, just, indeed

• परिज्ञाय (parijñāya) - having fully known, having understood

• गतादरम् (gatādaram) - having lost its charm/appeal (referring to youth or the person) (having lost respect, despised, unattractive)

• दुर्जनः (durjanaḥ) - a wicked person, an evil person

• सुजनेन (sujanena) - by a good person, by a virtuous person

• इव (iva) - like, as, as if

• यौवनेन (yauvanena) - by youth, by the state of being young

• अवमुच्यते (avamucyate) - is abandoned, is released, is let go

Words meanings and morphology

दिनैः (dinaiḥ) - in a few days (by days)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of dina

dina - day

Note: Indicates time duration.

कतिपयैः (katipayaiḥ) - by a few, by some

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of katipaya

katipaya - a few, some

Note: Modifies 'dinaiḥ'.

एव (eva) - only, just, indeed

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphasizes 'katipayaiḥ dinaiḥ'.

परिज्ञाय (parijñāya) - having fully known, having understood

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund) form from root 'jñā' with prefix 'pari'.

Prefix: pari

Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Absolutive.

गतादरम् (gatādaram) - having lost its charm/appeal (referring to youth or the person) (having lost respect, despised, unattractive)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of gatādara

gatādara - having lost respect/affection; despised, unregarded, unattractive

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (gata+ādara)

• gata – gone, past, lost
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root 'gam' (to go).
  Root: gam (class 1)
• ādara – respect, regard, affection, charm, appeal
  noun (masculine)

Note: Adverbial accusative, or modifying an implied object/subject.

दुर्जनः (durjanaḥ) - a wicked person, an evil person

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of durjana

durjana - a wicked person, evil person, bad person

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dur+jana)

• dur – bad, difficult, evil (prefix)
  indeclinable
• jana – person, man, creature
  noun (masculine)

Note: Subject of 'avamucyate'.

सुजनेन (sujanena) - by a good person, by a virtuous person

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of sujana

sujana - a good person, virtuous person

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (su+jana)

• su – good, well, excellent (prefix)
  indeclinable
• jana – person, man, creature
  noun (masculine)

Note: Agent for 'avamucyate' in the comparison.

इव (iva) - like, as, as if

(indeclinable)

Note: Used for comparison.

यौवनेन (yauvanena) - by youth, by the state of being young

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of yauvana

yauvana - youth, youthfulness, period of youth

Derived from 'yuvan' (young).

Note: Agent abandoning the person.

अवमुच्यते (avamucyate) - is abandoned, is released, is let go

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (lat) of avamuc

passive voice, present tense

Root 'muc' (to release) with prefix 'ava'. Passive form.

Prefix: ava

Root: muc (class 6)