योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-1, chapter-14, verse-12

जातास्त एव जगति जन्तवः साधुजीविताः ।
ये पुनर्नेह जायन्ते शेषा जरठगर्दभाः ॥ १२ ॥

jātāsta eva jagati jantavaḥ sādhujīvitāḥ ,
ye punarneha jāyante śeṣā jaraṭhagardabhāḥ 12

12. jātāḥ te eva jagati jantavaḥ sādhu-jīvitāḥ ye
punaḥ na iha jāyante śeṣāḥ jarathagardabhāḥ

12. Only those beings born into the world who are not born here again (meaning they attain liberation from the cycle of rebirth (saṃsāra)) have truly lived well; the rest are merely old donkeys.

Words meanings summery:

• जाताः (jātāḥ) - born (into the world) (born, originated, produced)

• ते (te) - those (beings) (those, they)

• एव (eva) - only (only, just, indeed, precisely)

• जगति (jagati) - in the world (in the world, in the universe)

• जन्तवः (jantavaḥ) - living beings (living beings, creatures, people)

• साधु-जीविताः (sādhu-jīvitāḥ) - those who have lived well (those who have lived virtuously/well)

• ये (ye) - who (who, which, those who)

• पुनः (punaḥ) - again (again, further, moreover)

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• इह (iha) - here (in this world) (here, in this world)

• जायन्ते (jāyante) - are born (are born, originate)

• शेषाः (śeṣāḥ) - the rest (of the beings) (the rest, the remainder)

• जरथगर्दभाः (jarathagardabhāḥ) - old donkeys

Words meanings and morphology

जाताः (jātāḥ) - born (into the world) (born, originated, produced)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of jāta

jāta - born, produced, originated, become

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root jan.

Root: jan (class 4)

ते (te) - those (beings) (those, they)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those, he, she, it

एव (eva) - only (only, just, indeed, precisely)

(indeclinable)

जगति (jagati) - in the world (in the world, in the universe)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of jagat

jagat - world, universe, moving, living being

Present Active Participle

From root gam (to go, move), used as a noun meaning 'the moving world'.

Root: gam (class 1)

जन्तवः (jantavaḥ) - living beings (living beings, creatures, people)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of jantu

jantu - living being, creature, man, person

Root: jan (class 4)

साधु-जीविताः (sādhu-jīvitāḥ) - those who have lived well (those who have lived virtuously/well)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sādhu-jīvita

sādhu-jīvita - lived well, virtuous life

Compound formed with 'sādhu' (well, virtuously) and 'jīvita' (lived).

Compound type : Karmadhāraya (sādhu+jīvita)

• sādhu – good, virtuous, well, properly
  indeclinable
• jīvita – lived, living, life
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root jīv (to live).
  Root: jīv (class 1)

Note: Agrees with jantavaḥ.

ये (ye) - who (who, which, those who)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of yad

yad - which, what, who

पुनः (punaḥ) - again (again, further, moreover)

(indeclinable)

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

इह (iha) - here (in this world) (here, in this world)

(indeclinable)

जायन्ते (jāyante) - are born (are born, originate)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, present (laṭ) of jan

Root in passive sense.

Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Root jan (to be born) is often atmanepada (middle voice) in this sense.

शेषाः (śeṣāḥ) - the rest (of the beings) (the rest, the remainder)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of śeṣa

śeṣa - remainder, residue, rest, surplus

Root: śiṣ (class 7)

जरथगर्दभाः (jarathagardabhāḥ) - old donkeys

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of jarathagardabha

jarathagardabha - old donkey

Karmadhāraya compound: jaratha (old) + gardabha (donkey).

Compound type : Karmadhāraya (jaratha+gardabha)

• jaratha – old, aged, decrepit
  adjective
• gardabha – donkey, ass
  noun (masculine)

Note: Null verb implied (e.g., 'are').