वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-7, chapter-46, verse-2

सुमन्त्रं चैव सरथं स्थीयतामिति लक्ष्मणः ।
उवाच शोकसंतप्तः प्रयाहीति च नाविकम् ॥२॥

2. sumantraṃ caiva sarathaṃ sthīyatāmiti lakṣmaṇaḥ ,
uvāca śokasaṃtaptaḥ prayāhīti ca nāvikam.

2. sumantram ca eva saratham sthīyatām iti lakṣmaṇaḥ
uvāca śokasaṃtaptaḥ prayāhi iti ca nāvikam

2. śokasaṃtaptaḥ lakṣmaṇaḥ sumantram saratham ca eva sthīyatām iti,
ca nāvikam prayāhi iti uvāca

2. Distressed by sorrow, Lakṣmaṇa said to Sumantra, who was with the chariot, "Remain here," and to the boatman, "Proceed!"

Words meanings summery:

• सुमन्त्रम् (sumantram) - Sumantra (Sumantra (name of a minister))

• च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)

• एव (eva) - indeed, only, just, exactly

• सरथम् (saratham) - who was with the chariot (with the chariot)

• स्थीयताम् (sthīyatām) - remain here (let it be stayed, let one remain, let it stand)

• इति (iti) - thus, so, in this manner (introducing or concluding a quote)

• लक्ष्मणः (lakṣmaṇaḥ) - Lakṣmaṇa (Lakṣmaṇa (name))

• उवाच (uvāca) - said (he said, he spoke)

• शोकसंतप्तः (śokasaṁtaptaḥ) - distressed by sorrow (distressed by sorrow, consumed by grief)

• प्रयाहि (prayāhi) - proceed! (go forth, proceed, depart)

• इति (iti) - thus, so

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• नाविकम् (nāvikam) - to the boatman (boatman, sailor)

Words meanings and morphology

सुमन्त्रम् (sumantram) - Sumantra (Sumantra (name of a minister))

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of sumantra

sumantra - Sumantra (name of Daśaratha's minister), good counsel

Note: Object of 'uvāca' indirectly, as recipient of command.

च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed, only, just, exactly

(indeclinable)

सरथम् (saratham) - who was with the chariot (with the chariot)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of saratha

saratha - having a chariot, accompanied by a chariot, with chariot

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sa+ratha)

• sa – with, accompanied by, together with
  indeclinable
• ratha – chariot, car
  noun (masculine)
  From root 'ram' (to delight) or 'raṭh' (to go).
  Root: ram/raṭh

Note: Agrees with 'sumantram'.

स्थीयताम् (sthīyatām) - remain here (let it be stayed, let one remain, let it stand)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, imperative (loṭ) of sthā

Passive Imperative, 3rd person singular.

Form of root 'sthā' (to stand) in the Passive Imperative.

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Used impersonally to convey a command to stay.

इति (iti) - thus, so, in this manner (introducing or concluding a quote)

(indeclinable)

लक्ष्मणः (lakṣmaṇaḥ) - Lakṣmaṇa (Lakṣmaṇa (name))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of lakṣmaṇa

lakṣmaṇa - Lakṣmaṇa (Rāma's younger brother), auspicious mark

Note: Subject of 'uvāca'.

उवाच (uvāca) - said (he said, he spoke)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect (Lit) tense, 3rd person singular, active voice.

Form of root 'vac' (to speak) in the Perfect (Lit) tense.

Root: vac (class 2)

शोकसंतप्तः (śokasaṁtaptaḥ) - distressed by sorrow (distressed by sorrow, consumed by grief)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śokasaṃtapta

śokasaṁtapta - distressed by sorrow, consumed by grief, afflicted with sorrow

Past Passive Participle (within compound)

Compound of 'śoka' (sorrow) and 'saṃtapta' (burnt, distressed), which is the Past Passive Participle of root 'tap' (to burn, distress) with prefix 'sam'.

Compound type : tṛtīyā-tatpuruṣa (śoka+saṃtapta)

• śoka – sorrow, grief, lamentation
  noun (masculine)
  From root 'śuc' (to grieve).
  Root: śuc (class 1)
• saṃtapta – burnt, distressed, afflicted, tormented
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Past Passive Participle of root 'tap' (to burn, distress) with prefix 'sam'.
  Prefix: sam
  Root: tap (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'lakṣmaṇaḥ'.

प्रयाहि (prayāhi) - proceed! (go forth, proceed, depart)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of prayā

Imperative, 2nd person singular, active voice.

Form of root 'yā' (to go) with prefix 'pra', in the Imperative.

Prefix: pra

Root: yā (class 2)

इति (iti) - thus, so

(indeclinable)

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

नाविकम् (nāvikam) - to the boatman (boatman, sailor)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of nāvika

nāvika - boatman, sailor

Derived from 'nau' (boat).

Note: Recipient of the command 'prayāhi'.

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