वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-7, chapter-46, verse-10

वैदेह्या चोद्यमानस्तु लक्ष्मणो दीनचेतनः ।
अवाङ्मुखो बाष्पगलो वाक्यमेतदुवाच ह ॥१०॥

10. vaidehyā codyamānastu lakṣmaṇo dīnacetanaḥ ,
avāṅmukho bāṣpagalo vākyametaduvāca ha.

10. vaidehyā codyamānaḥ tu lakṣmaṇaḥ dīnacetanaḥ
avāṅmukhaḥ bāṣpagalaḥ vākyam etat uvāca ha

10. vaidehyā codyamānaḥ tu dīnacetanaḥ avāṅmukhaḥ
bāṣpagalaḥ lakṣmaṇaḥ etat vākyam uvāca ha

10. Indeed, being urged by Vaidehi, Lakshmana, whose mind was sorrowful, spoke these words with a downcast face and a voice choked with tears.

Words meanings summery:

• वैदेह्या (vaidehyā) - by Vaidehi (Sītā) (by Vaidehi, by the daughter of Videha)

• चोद्यमानः (codyamānaḥ) - being urged, being questioned (being urged, being impelled, being questioned)

• तु (tu) - indeed (but, indeed, yet, on the other hand)

• लक्ष्मणः (lakṣmaṇaḥ) - Lakshmana (Lakshmana (Rama's brother))

• दीनचेतनः (dīnacetanaḥ) - distressed in mind (distressed in mind, sorrowful, dejected)

• अवाङ्मुखः (avāṅmukhaḥ) - with a downcast face (downcast face, looking downwards)

• बाष्पगलः (bāṣpagalaḥ) - with a voice choked with tears (with a choked voice, tears in throat)

• वाक्यम् (vākyam) - words (word, speech, sentence)

• एतत् (etat) - these (words) (this, these)

• उवाच (uvāca) - he spoke (he spoke, he said)

• ह (ha) - indeed (emphatic) (indeed, certainly, used for emphasis)

Words meanings and morphology

वैदेह्या (vaidehyā) - by Vaidehi (Sītā) (by Vaidehi, by the daughter of Videha)

(proper noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of vaidehī

vaidehī - princess of Videha, Sītā (daughter of Janaka, king of Videha)

Feminine derivative of Videha.

Note: Refers to Sītā.

चोद्यमानः (codyamānaḥ) - being urged, being questioned (being urged, being impelled, being questioned)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of codyamāna

codyamāna - being urged, impelled, questioned, reproached

Present Passive Participle

From root √cud (to urge, impel, question) in passive voice with present participle suffix -māna.

Root: cud (class 1)

तु (tu) - indeed (but, indeed, yet, on the other hand)

(indeclinable)

लक्ष्मणः (lakṣmaṇaḥ) - Lakshmana (Lakshmana (Rama's brother))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of lakṣmaṇa

lakṣmaṇa - Lakshmana (name of Rama's younger brother)

दीनचेतनः (dīnacetanaḥ) - distressed in mind (distressed in mind, sorrowful, dejected)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dīnacetana

dīnacetana - distressed in mind, dejected, sorrowful, feeble-minded

Compound type : bahuvrihi (dīna+cetana)

• dīna – distressed, sad, miserable, poor
  adjective (masculine)
• cetana – mind, consciousness, sentient, intelligent
  noun (masculine)

Note: Qualifies Lakshmana.

अवाङ्मुखः (avāṅmukhaḥ) - with a downcast face (downcast face, looking downwards)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of avāṅmukha

avāṅmukha - having the face downwards, downcast, turned downwards

From ava + añc + mukha.

Compound type : bahuvrihi (avac+mukha)

• avac – downwards
  indeclinable
• mukha – face, mouth, front
  noun (neuter)

Note: Qualifies Lakshmana.

बाष्पगलः (bāṣpagalaḥ) - with a voice choked with tears (with a choked voice, tears in throat)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bāṣpagala

bāṣpagala - having tears in the throat, voice choked with tears

Compound type : bahuvrihi (bāṣpa+gala)

• bāṣpa – tears
  noun (masculine)
• gala – throat
  noun (masculine)

Note: Qualifies Lakshmana.

वाक्यम् (vākyam) - words (word, speech, sentence)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vākya

vākya - speech, sentence, word, statement

From √vac (to speak).

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Object of "spoke".

एतत् (etat) - these (words) (this, these)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of etad

etad - this, these

Nominative/Accusative singular neuter of etad.

उवाच (uvāca) - he spoke (he spoke, he said)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Perfect Tense

Perfect 3rd person singular of √vac.

Root: vac (class 2)

ह (ha) - indeed (emphatic) (indeed, certainly, used for emphasis)

(indeclinable)

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