वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-7, chapter-43, verse-4

उवाच च तदा वाक्यं वर्धयित्वा कृताञ्जलिः ।
द्रष्टुमिच्छति राजा त्वां गम्यतां तत्र मा चिरम् ॥४॥

4. uvāca ca tadā vākyaṃ vardhayitvā kṛtāñjaliḥ ,
draṣṭumicchati rājā tvāṃ gamyatāṃ tatra mā ciram.

4. uvāca ca tadā vākyam vardhayitvā kṛtāñjaliḥ
draṣṭum icchati rājā tvām gamyatām tatra mā ciram

4. tada ca kṛtāñjaliḥ vardhayitvā vākyam uvāca: rājā
tvām draṣṭum icchati; tatra mā ciram gamyatām

4. And then, after offering greetings with folded hands (añjali), he spoke these words: 'The king desires to see you; proceed there without delay.'

Words meanings summery:

• उवाच (uvāca) - he spoke, he said

• च (ca) - and, also

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

• वाक्यम् (vākyam) - word, speech, statement

• वर्धयित्वा (vardhayitvā) - having greeted, having offered respects, having caused to increase

• कृताञ्जलिः (kṛtāñjaliḥ) - having made a respectful gesture (with folded hands)

• द्रष्टुम् (draṣṭum) - to see, for seeing

• इच्छति (icchati) - he desires, he wishes

• राजा (rājā) - the king

• त्वाम् (tvām) - you (accusative singular)

• गम्यताम् (gamyatām) - let it be gone, one should go (implying 'you go')

• तत्र (tatra) - there, to that place

• मा (mā) - do not

• चिरम् (ciram) - long time, for a long time (here: delay)

Words meanings and morphology

उवाच (uvāca) - he spoke, he said

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Perfect tense

Third person singular, perfect tense, active voice, parasmaipada. Irregular perfect form.

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Main verb.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)

Derived from pronominal base 'tad'.

Note: Adverb of time.

वाक्यम् (vākyam) - word, speech, statement

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vākya

vākya - speech, word, sentence, statement

From root vac (to speak).

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Object of 'uvāca'.

वर्धयित्वा (vardhayitvā) - having greeted, having offered respects, having caused to increase

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

From the causative stem of root vṛdh (to grow, increase) with suffix -tvā. In this context, 'causing to increase' honor or prosperity, thus 'greeting'.

Root: vṛdh (class 1)

Note: Expresses an action completed before 'uvāca'.

कृताञ्जलिः (kṛtāñjaliḥ) - having made a respectful gesture (with folded hands)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kṛtāñjali

kṛtāñjali - having folded hands (in reverence), one who has made the añjali gesture

Compound type : bahuvrihi (kṛta+añjali)

• kṛta – made, done, performed
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root kṛ (to do, make).
  Root: kṛ (class 8)
• añjali – folding of hands (in reverence), an offering
  noun (masculine)

Note: Agrees with the implied subject of 'uvāca' (the doorkeeper).

द्रष्टुम् (draṣṭum) - to see, for seeing

(indeclinable)

Infinitive

Formed from root dṛś (to see) with suffix -tum. Strong form 'draṣṭu'.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Purpose of 'icchati'.

इच्छति (icchati) - he desires, he wishes

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of iṣ

Present tense

Third person singular, present tense, active voice, parasmaipada. Root 'iṣ' of class 6, conjugated as 'icchati'.

Root: iṣ (class 6)

Note: Verb for 'rājā'.

राजा (rājā) - the king

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

Root: rāj (class 1)

Note: Subject of 'icchati'.

त्वाम् (tvām) - you (accusative singular)

(pronoun)

Accusative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Note: Object of 'draṣṭum'.

गम्यताम् (gamyatām) - let it be gone, one should go (implying 'you go')

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, imperative (loṭ) of gam

Imperative mood, passive voice

Third person singular, imperative mood, passive voice, ātmanepada. Implies 'let it be gone by you'.

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Used impersonally, conveying a command or suggestion to 'you' (Lakṣmaṇa).

तत्र (tatra) - there, to that place

(indeclinable)

Derived from pronominal base 'tad' with suffix '-tra'.

Note: Adverb of place, refers to the king's location.

मा (mā) - do not

(indeclinable)

Negative particle, typically used with injunctive forms.

Note: Forms a negative command with 'ciram'.

चिरम् (ciram) - long time, for a long time (here: delay)

(indeclinable)

Often used adverbially in neuter accusative singular, similar to 'śīghram'.

Note: Adverbial usage, 'do not delay'.