वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-7, chapter-43, verse-13

आज्ञप्तास्तु नरेन्द्रेण कुमाराः शुक्लवाससः ।
प्रह्वाः प्राञ्जलयो भूत्वा विविशुस्ते समाहिताः ॥१३॥

13. ājñaptāstu narendreṇa kumārāḥ śuklavāsasaḥ ,
prahvāḥ prāñjalayo bhūtvā viviśuste samāhitāḥ.

13. ājñaptāḥ tu narendreṇa kumārāḥ śukla-vāsasaḥ
prahvāḥ prāñjalayaḥ bhūtvā viviśuḥ te samāhitāḥ

13. te kumārāḥ nareņdreṇa ājñaptāḥ tu,
śukla-vāsasaḥ prahvāḥ prāñjalayaḥ bhūtvā,
samāhitāḥ viviśuḥ

13. Having been commanded by the king, the princes, dressed in white, became humble and, with joined palms, entered composedly.

Words meanings summery:

• आज्ञप्ताः (ājñaptāḥ) - commanded, ordered, instructed

• तु (tu) - indeed (emphasizing the condition) (indeed, but, on the other hand)

• नरेन्द्रेण (narendreṇa) - by the king (by the king, by the lord of men)

• कुमाराः (kumārāḥ) - the princes (princes, boys, youths)

• शुक्ल-वाससः (śukla-vāsasaḥ) - dressed in white (wearing white garments, white-robed)

• प्रह्वाः (prahvāḥ) - humble (humble, bowed, modest)

• प्राञ्जलयः (prāñjalayaḥ) - with joined palms (as a gesture of reverence), reverential

• भूत्वा (bhūtvā) - having become, being

• विविशुः (viviśuḥ) - they entered

• ते (te) - they

• समाहिताः (samāhitāḥ) - composedly, attentively (composed, concentrated, attentive, ready)

Words meanings and morphology

आज्ञप्ताः (ājñaptāḥ) - commanded, ordered, instructed

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of ājñapta

ājñapta - commanded, ordered, informed

Past Passive Participle

From root jñā- (to know) with prefix ā- + suffix -pta (irregular form from -ta).

Prefix: ā

Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Qualifies 'kumārāḥ'.

तु (tu) - indeed (emphasizing the condition) (indeed, but, on the other hand)

(indeclinable)

नरेन्द्रेण (narendreṇa) - by the king (by the king, by the lord of men)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of narendra

narendra - king, lord of men

Compound of nara (man) + indra (chief, lord).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nara+indra)

• nara – man, person
  noun (masculine)
• indra – chief, lord, king (also name of the deity)
  noun (masculine)

Note: Agent of 'ājñaptāḥ'.

कुमाराः (kumārāḥ) - the princes (princes, boys, youths)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of kumāra

kumāra - boy, youth, son, prince

Note: Subject of 'viviśuḥ'.

शुक्ल-वाससः (śukla-vāsasaḥ) - dressed in white (wearing white garments, white-robed)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of śuklavāsas

śuklavāsas - wearing white garments, white-robed

Bahuvrihi compound of śukla (white) + vāsas (garment).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (śukla+vāsas)

• śukla – white, bright, pure
  adjective (masculine)
• vāsas – garment, cloth, apparel
  noun (neuter)
  From root vas- (to wear).
  Root: vas (class 2)

Note: Qualifies 'kumārāḥ'.

प्रह्वाः (prahvāḥ) - humble (humble, bowed, modest)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of prahra

prahra - humble, bowed, modest, submissive

Derived from root hṛ- (to seize, take) with prefix pra-, or related to pra-hvā (to call forth/bend). The meaning 'bowed' or 'humble' is dominant.

Prefix: pra

Root: hṛ (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'kumārāḥ'.

प्राञ्जलयः (prāñjalayaḥ) - with joined palms (as a gesture of reverence), reverential

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of prāñjali

prāñjali - with joined palms, reverential

Bahuvrihi compound of pra (forth) + añjali (hollow of the joined hands).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (pra+añjali)

• pra – forth, forward
  indeclinable
• añjali – hollow of the joined hands, respectful salutation
  noun (masculine)
  From root añj- (to anoint, arrange).
  Root: añj (class 7)

Note: Qualifies 'kumārāḥ'.

भूत्वा (bhūtvā) - having become, being

(indeclinable)

Absolutive

Formed from root bhū- (to be, become) with suffix -tvā.

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Links the preceding adjectives to the main verb.

विविशुः (viviśuḥ) - they entered

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, Perfect (Lit) of viś

Reduplicated Perfect (Lit) form of root viś-.

Root: viś (class 6)

ते (te) - they

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those, he, she, it

Note: Redundant subject for 'viviśuḥ', but provides emphasis.

समाहिताः (samāhitāḥ) - composedly, attentively (composed, concentrated, attentive, ready)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of samāhita

samāhita - composed, concentrated, attentive, ready

Past Passive Participle

From root dhā- (to place, put) with prefixes sam- and ā-.

Prefixes: sam+ā

Root: dhā (class 3)

Note: Qualifies 'kumārāḥ'.