वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-7, verse-7

दानवेन्द्रो मधुर्नाम वीर्योत्सिक्तो दुरासदः ।
विगृह्य वशमानीतः कुम्भीनस्याः सुखावहः ॥७॥

7. dānavendro madhurnāma vīryotsikto durāsadaḥ ,
vigṛhya vaśamānītaḥ kumbhīnasyāḥ sukhāvahaḥ.

7. dānavendraḥ madhuḥ nāma vīrya utsiktḥ durāsadaḥ
vigṛhya vaśam ānītaḥ kumbhīnasyāḥ sukhāvahaḥ

7. The lord of the Dānavas, named Madhu, who was puffed up with valor and difficult to approach, was brought under your control after a battle, for the delight of Kumbhīnasi.

Words meanings summery:

• दानवेन्द्रः (dānavendraḥ) - the lord of Dānavas

• मधुः (madhuḥ) - proper name of a Dānava lord (Madhu)

• नाम (nāma) - by name, named

• वीर्य (vīrya) - valor, power

• उत्सिक्तः (utsiktaḥ) - puffed up, arrogant

• दुरासदः (durāsadaḥ) - difficult to approach, invincible, formidable

• विगृह्य (vigṛhya) - having fought, having battled

• वशम् (vaśam) - under control, sway

• आनीतः (ānītaḥ) - brought under control (brought, led)

• कुम्भीनस्याः (kumbhīnasyāḥ) - for the delight of Kumbhīnasi (Rāvaṇa's sister) (of Kumbhīnasi)

• सुखावहः (sukhāvahaḥ) - bringing happiness (for Kumbhīnasi, perhaps by becoming her husband) (bringing happiness, delight)

Words meanings and morphology

दानवेन्द्रः (dānavendraḥ) - the lord of Dānavas

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dānavendra

dānavendra - lord of the Dānavas

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dānava+indra)

• dānava – a descendant of Danu; a class of demons or giants
  noun (masculine)
• indra – chief, lord, ruler
  noun (masculine)

Note: Subject of the sentence.

मधुः (madhuḥ) - proper name of a Dānava lord (Madhu)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of madhu

madhu - a proper name; also honey, sweet

नाम (nāma) - by name, named

(indeclinable)

Used here as an indeclinable adverb to mean 'by name'.

वीर्य (vīrya) - valor, power

(noun)

neuter, singular of vīrya

vīrya - valor, heroism, power, energy

Root: vīr

उत्सिक्तः (utsiktaḥ) - puffed up, arrogant

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of utsikta

utsikta - arrogant, haughty, overbearing

past passive participle

From ut- √sic (to pour out, to swell) + kta.

Prefix: ut

Root: sic (class 6)

Note: Qualifies Madhu.

दुरासदः (durāsadaḥ) - difficult to approach, invincible, formidable

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of durāsada

durāsada - difficult to approach, unassailable, invincible

Derived from dur- (bad, difficult) + ā- √sad (to approach).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (dur+āsada)

• dur – bad, difficult
  indeclinable
  Prefix indicating difficulty or badness.
• āsada – approach, attack
  noun (masculine)
  From ā- √sad (to approach).
  Prefix: ā
  Root: sad (class 1)

Note: Qualifies Madhu.

विगृह्य (vigṛhya) - having fought, having battled

(indeclinable)

gerund

From vi- √grah (to seize, to fight) + lyap.

Prefix: vi

Root: grah (class 9)

Note: Describes the action preceding Madhu being brought under control.

वशम् (vaśam) - under control, sway

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vaśa

vaśa - will, power, control

Root: vaś (class 2)

Note: Object for 'ānītaḥ'.

आनीतः (ānītaḥ) - brought under control (brought, led)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ānīta

ānīta - brought, led, attained

past passive participle

From ā- √nī (to lead, bring) + kta.

Prefix: ā

Root: nī (class 1)

Note: Predicate adjective for Madhu.

कुम्भीनस्याः (kumbhīnasyāḥ) - for the delight of Kumbhīnasi (Rāvaṇa's sister) (of Kumbhīnasi)

(proper noun)

Genitive, feminine, singular of kumbhīnasi

kumbhīnasi - a proper name (sister of Rāvaṇa)

Note: Indicates connection or purpose for Kumbhīnasi, likely referring to the marriage of Madhu to her.

सुखावहः (sukhāvahaḥ) - bringing happiness (for Kumbhīnasi, perhaps by becoming her husband) (bringing happiness, delight)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sukhāvaha

sukhāvaha - bringing joy, pleasant, delightful

From sukha (happiness) + ā- √vah (to bear, bring).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sukha+āvaha)

• sukha – happiness, ease, joy
  noun (neuter)
• āvaha – bringing, causing
  adjective (masculine)
  From ā- √vah (to bear, bring) + a (suffix).
  Prefix: ā
  Root: vah (class 1)

Note: Qualifies Madhu (after being subdued, he became 'one who brings happiness' to Kumbhīnasi) or the implied action of bringing him under control.