वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-4, chapter-51, verse-17

यत्त्वया रक्षिताः सर्वे म्रियमाणा बुभुक्षया ।
ब्रूहि प्रत्युपकारार्थं किं ते कुर्वन्तु वानराः ॥१७॥

17. yattvayā rakṣitāḥ sarve mriyamāṇā bubhukṣayā ,
brūhi pratyupakārārthaṃ kiṃ te kurvantu vānarāḥ.

17. yat tvayā rakṣitāḥ sarve mriyamāṇāḥ bubhukṣayā
brūhi pratyupakārārtham kim te kurvantu vānarāḥ

17. yat bubhukṣayā mriyamāṇāḥ sarve tvayā rakṣitāḥ,
te vānarāḥ pratyupakārārtham kim kurvantu brūhi

17. Since all of us, who were perishing from hunger, have been protected by you, please tell us what these monkeys can do for you in return.

Words meanings summery:

• यत् (yat) - since, because, which

• त्वया (tvayā) - by you

• रक्षिताः (rakṣitāḥ) - protected, saved

• सर्वे (sarve) - all, everyone

• म्रियमाणाः (mriyamāṇāḥ) - dying, perishing

• बुभुक्षया (bubhukṣayā) - by hunger, due to hunger

• ब्रूहि (brūhi) - tell, say

• प्रत्युपकारार्थम् (pratyupakārārtham) - for the purpose of a return favor

• किम् (kim) - what?

• ते (te) - for you, to you

• कुर्वन्तु (kurvantu) - let them do, may they do

• वानराः (vānarāḥ) - monkeys

Words meanings and morphology

यत् (yat) - since, because, which

(indeclinable)

त्वया (tvayā) - by you

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

रक्षिताः (rakṣitāḥ) - protected, saved

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of rakṣita

rakṣita - protected, saved, guarded

Past Passive Participle

From root rakṣ (to protect) + -ita

Root: rakṣ (class 1)

सर्वे (sarve) - all, everyone

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every

म्रियमाणाः (mriyamāṇāḥ) - dying, perishing

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of mriyamāṇa

mriyamāṇa - dying, being killed

Present Middle Participle

From root mṛ (to die) with ya infix (passive) and māna suffix

Root: mṛ (class 6)

बुभुक्षया (bubhukṣayā) - by hunger, due to hunger

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of bubhukṣā

bubhukṣā - hunger, desire to eat

From desiderative stem of root bhuj (to eat) + ā suffix

Root: bhuj (class 7)

ब्रूहि (brūhi) - tell, say

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of brū

Imperative 2nd singular

From root brū

Root: brū (class 2)

प्रत्युपकारार्थम् (pratyupakārārtham) - for the purpose of a return favor

(indeclinable)

Compound of prati-upakāra and artha

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (pratyupakāra+artha)

• pratyupakāra – return help, recompense
  noun (masculine)
  From prati-upa- + root kṛ (to do)
  Prefixes: prati+upa
  Root: kṛ (class 8)
• artha – purpose, meaning, wealth, object
  noun (masculine)

Note: Used adverbially

किम् (kim) - what?

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kim

kim - what, which

ते (te) - for you, to you

(pronoun)

Dative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

कुर्वन्तु (kurvantu) - let them do, may they do

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, imperative (loṭ) of kṛ

Imperative 3rd plural

From root kṛ

Root: kṛ (class 8)

वानराः (vānarāḥ) - monkeys

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vānara

vānara - monkey

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