वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-4, chapter-51, verse-15

एतन्नः कायमेतेन कृत्येन वयमागताः ।
त्वां चैवोपगताः सर्वे परिद्यूना बुभुक्षिताः ॥१५॥

15. etannaḥ kāyametena kṛtyena vayamāgatāḥ ,
tvāṃ caivopagatāḥ sarve paridyūnā bubhukṣitāḥ.

15. etat naḥ kāyam etena kṛtyena vayam āgatāḥ tvām
ca eva upagatāḥ sarve paridyūnāḥ bubhukṣitāḥ

15. etat naḥ kāyam,
etena kṛtyena vayam āgatāḥ,
ca eva sarve paridyūnāḥ bubhukṣitāḥ tvām upagatāḥ

15. This is our mission; for this very purpose, we have come. Furthermore, all of us who have approached you are extremely emaciated and hungry.

Words meanings summery:

• एतत् (etat) - this, this matter

• नः (naḥ) - our, us

• कायम् (kāyam) - our purpose or mission (body, task, purpose, business)

• एतेन (etena) - by this, through this

• कृत्येन (kṛtyena) - by deed, by action, by task

• वयम् (vayam) - we

• आगताः (āgatāḥ) - arrived, come

• त्वाम् (tvām) - you

• च (ca) - and, also

• एव (eva) - indeed, only, certainly

• उपगताः (upagatāḥ) - approached, come near

• सर्वे (sarve) - all, everyone

• परिद्यूनाः (paridyūnāḥ) - extremely emaciated, very weak, withered

• बुभुक्षिताः (bubhukṣitāḥ) - hungry, desirous of eating

Words meanings and morphology

एतत् (etat) - this, this matter

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of etad

etad - this

नः (naḥ) - our, us

(pronoun)

Genitive, plural of asmad

asmad - I, we

कायम् (kāyam) - our purpose or mission (body, task, purpose, business)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of kāya

kāya - body, mass, collection, business, purpose

From root ci (to heap up)

Root: ci (class 5)

एतेन (etena) - by this, through this

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of etad

etad - this

कृत्येन (kṛtyena) - by deed, by action, by task

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of kṛtya

kṛtya - duty, action, work, task

Gerundive

From root kṛ (to do) + suffix -tya

Root: kṛ (class 8)

वयम् (vayam) - we

(pronoun)

Nominative, plural of asmad

asmad - I, we

आगताः (āgatāḥ) - arrived, come

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of āgata

āgata - come, arrived

Past Passive Participle

From ā- + root gam (to go)

Prefix: ā

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Used substantively

त्वाम् (tvām) - you

(pronoun)

Accusative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed, only, certainly

(indeclinable)

उपगताः (upagatāḥ) - approached, come near

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of upagata

upagata - approached, come near

Past Passive Participle

From upa- + root gam (to go)

Prefix: upa

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Used substantively

सर्वे (sarve) - all, everyone

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every

परिद्यूनाः (paridyūnāḥ) - extremely emaciated, very weak, withered

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of paridyūna

paridyūna - very emaciated, withered, faded

Past Passive Participle

From pari- + root dyu (to be exhausted, wither)

Prefix: pari

Root: dyu (class 1)

बुभुक्षिताः (bubhukṣitāḥ) - hungry, desirous of eating

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of bubhukṣita

bubhukṣita - hungry

Past Passive Participle (from desiderative stem)

From desiderative stem of root bhuj (to eat) + -ita

Root: bhuj (class 7)

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