वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-4, chapter-51, verse-11

चारयन्तस्ततश्चक्षुर्दृष्टवन्तो महद्बिलम् ।
लतापादपसंछन्नं तिमिरेण समावृतम् ॥११॥

11. cārayantastataścakṣurdṛṣṭavanto mahadbilam ,
latāpādapasaṃchannaṃ timireṇa samāvṛtam.

11. cārayantaḥ tataḥ cakṣuḥ dṛṣṭavantaḥ mahat
bilam latāpādapasaṃchannam timireṇa samāvṛtam

11. tataḥ cakṣuḥ cārayantaḥ latāpādapasaṃchannam
timireṇa samāvṛtam mahat bilam dṛṣṭavantaḥ

11. Then, casting their gaze around, they saw a large cave, covered by vines and trees and enveloped in darkness.

Words meanings summery:

• चारयन्तः (cārayantaḥ) - moving, causing to move, casting (eyes)

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thence, therefore, from there

• चक्षुः (cakṣuḥ) - eye

• दृष्टवन्तः (dṛṣṭavantaḥ) - having seen, saw

• महत् (mahat) - great, large, vast

• बिलम् (bilam) - cave, hole, cavity

• लतापादपसंछन्नम् (latāpādapasaṁchannam) - covered by vines and trees

• तिमिरेण (timireṇa) - by darkness

• समावृतम् (samāvṛtam) - covered, enveloped, surrounded

Words meanings and morphology

चारयन्तः (cārayantaḥ) - moving, causing to move, casting (eyes)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of cārayat

cārayat - moving, causing to go, casting

Present Active Participle (causative)

From the causative stem of root 'car' (to move)

Root: car (class 1)

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thence, therefore, from there

(indeclinable)

चक्षुः (cakṣuḥ) - eye

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of cakṣus

cakṣus - eye, sight, vision

Root: cakṣ (class 2)

दृष्टवन्तः (dṛṣṭavantaḥ) - having seen, saw

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of dṛṣṭavat

dṛṣṭavat - having seen, saw

Perfect Active Participle

Derived from root 'dṛś' (to see)

Root: dṛś (class 1)

महत् (mahat) - great, large, vast

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, extensive, mighty

बिलम् (bilam) - cave, hole, cavity

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of bila

bila - a hole, cave, cavity, burrow

लतापादपसंछन्नम् (latāpādapasaṁchannam) - covered by vines and trees

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of latāpādapasaṃchanna

latāpādapasaṁchanna - covered or obscured by vines and trees

Past Passive Participle (compound)

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (latāpādapa+saṃchanna)

• latāpādapa – vines and trees
  noun (masculine)
• saṃchanna – covered, veiled, obscured
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From root 'chad' (to cover) with prefix 'sam'
  Prefix: sam
  Root: chad (class 1)

तिमिरेण (timireṇa) - by darkness

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of timira

timira - darkness, gloom

Root: tim (class 4)

समावृतम् (samāvṛtam) - covered, enveloped, surrounded

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of samāvṛta

samāvṛta - covered, enveloped, surrounded, concealed

Past Passive Participle

From root 'vṛ' (to cover) with prefixes 'sam' and 'ā'

Prefixes: sam+ā

Root: vṛ (class 5)

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