वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-3, chapter-34, verse-22

स रावणं त्रस्तविषण्णचेता महावने रामपराक्रमज्ञः ।
कृताञ्जलिस्तत्त्वमुवाच वाक्यं हितं च तस्मै हितमात्मनश्च ॥२२॥

22. sa rāvaṇaṃ trastaviṣaṇṇacetā mahāvane rāmaparākramajñaḥ ,
kṛtāñjalistattvamuvāca vākyaṃ hitaṃ ca tasmai hitamātmanaśca.

22. saḥ rāvaṇam trastaviṣaṇṇacetāḥ
mahāvane rāmaparākramajñaḥ
kṛtāñjaliḥ tattvam uvāca vākyam
hitam ca tasmai hitam ātmanaḥ ca

22. mahāvane trastaviṣaṇṇacetāḥ
rāmaparākramajñaḥ kṛtāñjaliḥ saḥ
tasmai rāvaṇam tattvam ca hitam
vākyam ca ātmanaḥ hitam uvāca

22. With a terrified and dejected mind, knowing Rama's valor, he (Maricha) stood in the great forest with folded hands and spoke words of truth that were beneficial both to Ravana and to himself.

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - he (Maricha) (he, that)

• रावणम् (rāvaṇam) - to Ravana

• त्रस्तविषण्णचेताः (trastaviṣaṇṇacetāḥ) - with a terrified and dejected mind

• महावने (mahāvane) - in the great forest

• रामपराक्रमज्ञः (rāmaparākramajñaḥ) - knowing Rama's valor

• कृताञ्जलिः (kṛtāñjaliḥ) - with folded hands (in reverence)

• तत्त्वम् (tattvam) - the truth, reality, essence

• उवाच (uvāca) - spoke, said

• वाक्यम् (vākyam) - words, speech, sentence

• हितम् (hitam) - beneficial, good, salutary

• च (ca) - and

• तस्मै (tasmai) - to Ravana (to him)

• हितम् (hitam) - beneficial, good

• आत्मनः (ātmanaḥ) - of himself, for himself

• च (ca) - and

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - he (Maricha) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

रावणम् (rāvaṇam) - to Ravana

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of rāvaṇa

rāvaṇa - Ravana (name of the demon king)

त्रस्तविषण्णचेताः (trastaviṣaṇṇacetāḥ) - with a terrified and dejected mind

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of trastaviṣaṇṇacetas

trastaviṣaṇṇacetas - one whose mind is terrified and dejected

Compound type : Bahuvrihi (trasta+viṣaṇṇa+cetas)

• trasta – terrified, frightened
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root tras
  Root: tras (class 4)
• viṣaṇṇa – dejected, sad, dispirited
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from vi-sad
  Prefix: vi
  Root: sad (class 6)
• cetas – mind, consciousness, heart
  noun (neuter)

महावने (mahāvane) - in the great forest

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of mahāvana

mahāvana - a great forest

Compound type : Karmadharaya (mahat+vana)

• mahat – great, large
  adjective (neuter)
• vana – forest, wood, grove
  noun (neuter)

रामपराक्रमज्ञः (rāmaparākramajñaḥ) - knowing Rama's valor

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rāmaparākramajña

rāmaparākramajña - one who knows the valor of Rama

Compound type : Tatpurusha (rāma+parākrama+jña)

• rāma – Rama
  proper noun (masculine)
• parākrama – valor, might, heroism, enterprise
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from parā-kram
  Prefix: parā
  Root: kram (class 1)
• jña – knowing, wise, expert in
  adjective (masculine)
  Derived from root jñā
  Root: jñā (class 9)

कृताञ्जलिः (kṛtāñjaliḥ) - with folded hands (in reverence)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kṛtāñjali

kṛtāñjali - one who has made añjali (folded hands), showing reverence

Compound type : Bahuvrihi (kṛta+añjali)

• kṛta – done, made, accomplished
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root kṛ
  Root: kṛ (class 8)
• añjali – folded hands, reverence, salutation
  noun (masculine)

तत्त्वम् (tattvam) - the truth, reality, essence

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tattva

tattva - truth, reality, principle, essence, element

उवाच (uvāca) - spoke, said

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect past (liṭ) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

वाक्यम् (vākyam) - words, speech, sentence

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vākya

vākya - word, speech, sentence, statement

हितम् (hitam) - beneficial, good, salutary

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of hita

hita - beneficial, salutary, good, suitable

Past Passive Participle (of dhā)

Derived from root dhā

Root: dhā (class 3)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

तस्मै (tasmai) - to Ravana (to him)

(pronoun)

Dative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

हितम् (hitam) - beneficial, good

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of hita

hita - beneficial, salutary, good, suitable

Past Passive Participle (of dhā)

Derived from root dhā

Root: dhā (class 3)

आत्मनः (ātmanaḥ) - of himself, for himself

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of ātman

ātman - self, soul, spirit, essence

Root: an (class 2)

Note: Used here with a sense of 'for oneself' when qualifying 'hita'

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

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