वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-3, chapter-34, verse-7

तेन संजातरोषेण रामेण रणमूर्धनि ।
अनुक्त्वा परुषं किं चिच्छरैर्व्यापारितं धनुः ॥७॥

7. tena saṃjātaroṣeṇa rāmeṇa raṇamūrdhani ,
anuktvā paruṣaṃ kiṃ ciccharairvyāpāritaṃ dhanuḥ.

7. tena saṃjātaroṣeṇa rāmeṇa raṇamūrdhani anuktvā
paruṣam kiṃcit śaraiḥ vyāpāritam dhanuḥ

7. tena saṃjātaroṣeṇa rāmeṇa anuktvā kiṃcit
paruṣam raṇamūrdhani śaraiḥ dhanuḥ vyāpāritam

7. That enraged Rāma, at the forefront of battle, without speaking anything harsh, wielded his bow with arrows.

Words meanings summery:

• तेन (tena) - by that (Rāma) (by him, by that)

• संजातरोषेण (saṁjātaroṣeṇa) - by one whose anger has arisen, by the enraged one

• रामेण (rāmeṇa) - by Rāma

• रणमूर्धनि (raṇamūrdhani) - at the height of the battle (at the forefront/head of battle)

• अनुक्त्वा (anuktvā) - without having spoken

• परुषम् (paruṣam) - (anything) harsh (words) (harsh, rough, cruel (adjective))

• किंचित् (kiṁcit) - anything, something

• शरैः (śaraiḥ) - by arrows, with arrows

• व्यापारितम् (vyāpāritam) - wielded, employed, caused to act

• धनुः (dhanuḥ) - bow

Words meanings and morphology

तेन (tena) - by that (Rāma) (by him, by that)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to Rāma.

संजातरोषेण (saṁjātaroṣeṇa) - by one whose anger has arisen, by the enraged one

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of saṃjātaroṣa

saṁjātaroṣa - having aroused anger, enraged

Compound adjective: 'saṃjāta' (arisen, produced) + 'roṣa' (anger).

Compound type : bahuvrihi (saṃjāta+roṣa)

• saṃjāta – arisen, born, produced
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root 'jan' (to be born, produce) with prefix 'sam' and 'kta' suffix.
  Prefix: sam
  Root: jan (class 4)
• roṣa – anger, wrath
  noun (masculine)
  Root: ruṣ (class 4)

Note: Modifies 'rāmeṇa'.

रामेण (rāmeṇa) - by Rāma

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of rāma

rāma - Rāma (proper name of the hero)

Note: Agent of the action implied by 'vyāpāritam dhanuḥ'.

रणमूर्धनि (raṇamūrdhani) - at the height of the battle (at the forefront/head of battle)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of raṇamūrdhan

raṇamūrdhan - forefront of battle, head of battle

Compound noun: 'raṇa' (battle) + 'mūrdhan' (head, top). Declines like an 'n'-stem.

Compound type : tatpurusha (raṇa+mūrdhan)

• raṇa – battle, war, combat
  noun (masculine)
  Root: raṇ (class 1)
• mūrdhan – head, top, peak
  noun (masculine)

अनुक्त्वा (anuktvā) - without having spoken

(indeclinable)

Negative Absolutive (Gerund)

Negative prefix 'an-' + absolutive from root 'vac' (to speak). Irregular formation where 'vac' becomes 'uktva'.

Prefix: an

Root: vac (class 2)

परुषम् (paruṣam) - (anything) harsh (words) (harsh, rough, cruel (adjective))

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of paruṣa

paruṣa - harsh, rough, severe, cruel

Note: Modifies 'kiṃcit' or an implied 'vacanam'.

किंचित् (kiṁcit) - anything, something

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of kiṃcit

kiṁcit - anything, something, a little

Compound: 'kim' (what) + 'cit' (particle).

Compound type : indeclinable compound (kim+cit)

• kim – what, who
  pronoun
• cit – a particle indicating indefiniteness
  indeclinable

Note: Functions as the direct object of 'anuktvā'.

शरैः (śaraiḥ) - by arrows, with arrows

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of śara

śara - arrow, reed

Root: śṛ (class 1)

Note: Indicates the means by which the bow was wielded.

व्यापारितम् (vyāpāritam) - wielded, employed, caused to act

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of vyāpārita

vyāpārita - caused to act, employed, wielded, set in motion

Causative Past Passive Participle

Derived from causative of root 'pṛ' (to fill, occupy) with prefixes 'vi' and 'ā'.

Prefixes: vi+ā

Root: pṛ (class 9)

Note: Main verb (past passive participle) agreeing with 'dhanuḥ'.

धनुः (dhanuḥ) - bow

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of dhanus

dhanus - bow, arch

Note: Subject of the passive verb 'vyāpāritam'.