वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-3, chapter-34, verse-12

येन वैरं विनारण्ये सत्त्वमाश्रित्य केवलम् ।
कर्णनासापहारेण भगिनी मे विरूपिता ॥१२॥

12. yena vairaṃ vināraṇye sattvamāśritya kevalam ,
karṇanāsāpahāreṇa bhaginī me virūpitā.

12. yena vairam vinā araṇye sattvam āśritya
kevalam karṇanāsāpahāreṇa bhaginī me virūpitā

12. yena araṇye vairaṃ vinā kevalam sattvam
āśritya me bhaginī karṇanāsāpahāreṇa virūpitā

12. My sister was disfigured in the forest by him who, without any prior enmity and relying solely on his strength, cut off her ears and nose.

Words meanings summery:

• येन (yena) - by him (referring to Rama) (by whom, by which)

• वैरम् (vairam) - enmity, hostility (as a cause for conflict) (enmity, hostility, hatred)

• विना (vinā) - without (any prior cause or enmity) (without, except for, apart from)

• अरण्ये (araṇye) - in the forest (where the incident occurred) (in the forest, in a wilderness)

• सत्त्वम् (sattvam) - strength, power (Rama's inherent might) (strength, power, courage, essence, being)

• आश्रित्य (āśritya) - relying solely on (his) (having resorted to, having relied upon, depending on)

• केवलम् (kevalam) - solely, exclusively (in conjunction with 'sattvam') (solely, merely, only, exclusively)

• कर्णनासापहारेण (karṇanāsāpahāreṇa) - by the mutilation of ears and nose (by the cutting off of ears and nose)

• भगिनी (bhaginī) - my sister (Surpanakha) (sister)

• मे (me) - my (referring to Ravana's sister) (my, to me)

• विरूपिता (virūpitā) - was disfigured (referring to Surpanakha) (disfigured, mutilated, deformed)

Words meanings and morphology

येन (yena) - by him (referring to Rama) (by whom, by which)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of yad

yad - which, what, who

Note: Refers to Rama. Can be neuter also but masculine here by context.

वैरम् (vairam) - enmity, hostility (as a cause for conflict) (enmity, hostility, hatred)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vaira

vaira - enmity, hostility, revenge, hatred

विना (vinā) - without (any prior cause or enmity) (without, except for, apart from)

(indeclinable)

Note: Takes accusative, instrumental, or ablative case.

अरण्ये (araṇye) - in the forest (where the incident occurred) (in the forest, in a wilderness)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of araṇya

araṇya - forest, wilderness, jungle

सत्त्वम् (sattvam) - strength, power (Rama's inherent might) (strength, power, courage, essence, being)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sattva

sattva - strength, power, courage, being, existence, essence, spirit, true nature, a living being, goodness (in Samkhya)

आश्रित्य (āśritya) - relying solely on (his) (having resorted to, having relied upon, depending on)

(indeclinable)

absolutive

From root śrī (to resort to, serve) with prefix ā-.

Prefix: ā

Root: śrī (class 1)

केवलम् (kevalam) - solely, exclusively (in conjunction with 'sattvam') (solely, merely, only, exclusively)

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverbial usage of neuter accusative singular.

कर्णनासापहारेण (karṇanāsāpahāreṇa) - by the mutilation of ears and nose (by the cutting off of ears and nose)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of karṇanāsāpahāra

karṇanāsāpahāra - cutting off of ears and nose, mutilation of ears and nose

Compound type : dvandva-tatpurusha (karṇa+nāsā+apahāra)

• karṇa – ear
  noun (masculine)
• nāsā – nose
  noun (feminine)
• apahāra – taking away, removal, abduction, cutting off
  noun (masculine)
  From root hṛ (to take, carry) with prefix apa-.
  Prefix: apa
  Root: hṛ (class 1)

भगिनी (bhaginī) - my sister (Surpanakha) (sister)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of bhaginī

bhaginī - sister

मे (me) - my (referring to Ravana's sister) (my, to me)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

विरूपिता (virūpitā) - was disfigured (referring to Surpanakha) (disfigured, mutilated, deformed)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of virūpita

virūpita - disfigured, mutilated, deformed

Past Passive Participle

From root rūp (to form, make) with prefix vi-, causative form rūpay, then P.P.P.

Prefix: vi

Root: rūp (class 10)