वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-73, verse-2

गतो दशरथः स्वर्गं यो नो गुरुतरो गुरुः ।
रामं प्रव्राज्य वै ज्येष्ठं लक्ष्मणं च महाबलम् ॥२॥

2. gato daśarathaḥ svargaṃ yo no gurutaro guruḥ ,
rāmaṃ pravrājya vai jyeṣṭhaṃ lakṣmaṇaṃ ca mahābalam.

2. gataḥ daśarathaḥ svargam yaḥ naḥ gurutaraḥ guruḥ
rāmam pravrājya vai jyeṣṭham lakṣmaṇam ca mahābalam

2. daśarathaḥ yaḥ naḥ gurutaraḥ guruḥ rāmam jyeṣṭham
lakṣmaṇam mahābalam ca vai pravrājya svargam gataḥ

2. Our preceptor (guru), Dasharatha, who was superior to all others, has passed away to heaven, after having exiled the eldest Rama and the mighty Lakshmana.

Words meanings summery:

• गतः (gataḥ) - passed away, died (gone, departed, dead)

• दशरथः (daśarathaḥ) - Dasharatha

• स्वर्गम् (svargam) - to heaven, to paradise

• यः (yaḥ) - who, which

• नः (naḥ) - our, to us, by us

• गुरुतरः (gurutaraḥ) - superior preceptor, greater teacher

• गुरुः (guruḥ) - preceptor, teacher, venerable person (guru)

• रामम् (rāmam) - Rama

• प्रव्राज्य (pravrājya) - having exiled, having banished

• वै (vai) - indeed, certainly

• ज्येष्ठम् (jyeṣṭham) - the eldest (son) (the eldest, the best, most excellent)

• लक्ष्मणम् (lakṣmaṇam) - Lakshmana

• च (ca) - and, also

• महाबलम् (mahābalam) - the mighty one, of great strength

Words meanings and morphology

गतः (gataḥ) - passed away, died (gone, departed, dead)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of gata

gata - gone, departed, obtained, understood

Past Passive Participle

Derived from verb root gam (to go).

Root: gam (class 1)

दशरथः (daśarathaḥ) - Dasharatha

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of daśaratha

daśaratha - Dasharatha (a proper name, king of Ayodhya, father of Rama)

स्वर्गम् (svargam) - to heaven, to paradise

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of svarga

svarga - heaven, paradise, celestial abode

यः (yaḥ) - who, which

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - which, who, what (relative pronoun)

नः (naḥ) - our, to us, by us

(pronoun)

Genitive, plural of asmad

asmad - I, we (first person pronoun)

Note: Enclitic form for genitive/dative plural.

गुरुतरः (gurutaraḥ) - superior preceptor, greater teacher

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of gurutara

gurutara - more weighty, more venerable, superior (comparative)

Comparative form of guru, with suffix -tara.

Compound type : primary derivative (guru+tara)

• guru – heavy, venerable, teacher, preceptor (guru)
  noun (masculine)
• tara – more, exceedingly (comparative suffix)
  suffix
  Comparative suffix, forms adjectives indicating 'more X' or 'X-er'.

गुरुः (guruḥ) - preceptor, teacher, venerable person (guru)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of guru

guru - teacher, preceptor, elder, spiritual guide (guru)

रामम् (rāmam) - Rama

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of rāma

rāma - Rama (a proper name, the protagonist of the Ramayana)

प्रव्राज्य (pravrājya) - having exiled, having banished

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund) of a causative verb

Derived from causative of verb root vraj (to go, to wander) with prefix pra-.

Prefix: pra

Root: vraj (class 1)

वै (vai) - indeed, certainly

(indeclinable)

ज्येष्ठम् (jyeṣṭham) - the eldest (son) (the eldest, the best, most excellent)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of jyeṣṭha

jyeṣṭha - eldest, oldest, first, chief, best

लक्ष्मणम् (lakṣmaṇam) - Lakshmana

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of lakṣmaṇa

lakṣmaṇa - Lakshmana (a proper name, Rama's brother)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

महाबलम् (mahābalam) - the mighty one, of great strength

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of mahābala

mahābala - of great strength, very mighty

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+bala)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
  Stem form of mahant in compounds.
• bala – strength, power, force
  noun (neuter)