वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-63, verse-3

तप्यमानं समाज्ञाय वयस्याः प्रियवादिनः ।
आयासं हि विनेष्यन्तः सभायां चक्रिरे कथाः ॥३॥

3. tapyamānaṃ samājñāya vayasyāḥ priyavādinaḥ ,
āyāsaṃ hi vineṣyantaḥ sabhāyāṃ cakrire kathāḥ.

3. tapyamānam samājñāya vayasyāḥ priyavādinaḥ |
āyāsam hi vineṣyantaḥ sabhāyām cakrire kathāḥ

3. tapyamānam samājñāya priyavādinaḥ vayasyāḥ hi
āyāsam vineṣyantaḥ sabhāyām kathāḥ cakrire

3. His affectionate, well-wishing friends, having understood his suffering, indeed, intending to alleviate his distress, started conversations in the assembly.

Words meanings summery:

• तप्यमानम् (tapyamānam) - him suffering, him being distressed (suffering, being distressed, performing austerity)

• समाज्ञाय (samājñāya) - having understood (having recognized, having understood, having perceived)

• वयस्याः (vayasyāḥ) - friends (friends, companions (of the same age))

• प्रियवादिनः (priyavādinaḥ) - well-wishing, affectionate (speaking kindly, sweet-speaking, well-wishing)

• आयासम् (āyāsam) - distress, trouble (exertion, fatigue, trouble, distress)

• हि (hi) - indeed (emphatic) (indeed, for, because)

• विनेष्यन्तः (vineṣyantaḥ) - intending to alleviate/remove (intending to remove, desiring to avert, about to lead away)

• सभायाम् (sabhāyām) - in the assembly (in the assembly, in the gathering, in the council)

• चक्रिरे (cakrire) - they engaged in, they started (they did, they made)

• कथाः (kathāḥ) - conversations (stories, tales, conversations)

Words meanings and morphology

तप्यमानम् (tapyamānam) - him suffering, him being distressed (suffering, being distressed, performing austerity)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tapyamāna

tapyamāna - suffering, being distressed, performing austerity

Present Middle Participle

Derived from root √tap (1st class, Ātmanepada) in the present middle voice.

Root: tap (class 1)

Note: Refers to Bharata.

समाज्ञाय (samājñāya) - having understood (having recognized, having understood, having perceived)

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

Derived from root √jñā (9th class, Ubhayapada) with prefixes sam- and ā-.

Prefixes: sam+ā

Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Absolutive (gerund) form.

वयस्याः (vayasyāḥ) - friends (friends, companions (of the same age))

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vayasya

vayasya - friend, companion (of the same age)

प्रियवादिनः (priyavādinaḥ) - well-wishing, affectionate (speaking kindly, sweet-speaking, well-wishing)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of priyavādin

priyavādin - speaking kindly, sweet-speaking, well-wishing

Compound of priya (dear) and vādin (speaking).

Compound type : upapada-tatpuruṣa (priya+vādin)

• priya – dear, pleasant, beloved
  adjective (masculine)
• vādin – speaking, telling, saying
  adjective (masculine)
  Derived from root √vad (to speak) with suffix -in.
  Root: vad (class 1)

Note: Agrees with vayasyāḥ.

आयासम् (āyāsam) - distress, trouble (exertion, fatigue, trouble, distress)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of āyāsa

āyāsa - exertion, fatigue, trouble, distress

हि (hi) - indeed (emphatic) (indeed, for, because)

(indeclinable)

विनेष्यन्तः (vineṣyantaḥ) - intending to alleviate/remove (intending to remove, desiring to avert, about to lead away)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vineṣyat

vineṣyat - intending to remove, desiring to avert

Future Active Participle

Derived from root √nī (to lead) with prefix vi- in the future tense.

Prefix: vi

Root: nī (class 1)

Note: Agrees with vayasyāḥ. Lit. 'those who will remove'.

सभायाम् (sabhāyām) - in the assembly (in the assembly, in the gathering, in the council)

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of sabhā

sabhā - assembly, gathering, council

चक्रिरे (cakrire) - they engaged in, they started (they did, they made)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, past perfect (lit) of √kṛ

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Perfect (liṭ) of the root √kṛ (8th class, Ubhayapada).

कथाः (kathāḥ) - conversations (stories, tales, conversations)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, plural of kathā

kathā - story, tale, narrative, conversation

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