वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-63, verse-1

यामेव रात्रिं ते दूताः प्रविशन्ति स्म तां पुरीम् ।
भरतेनापि तां रात्रिं स्वप्नो दृष्टो ऽयमप्रियः ॥१॥

1. yāmeva rātriṃ te dūtāḥ praviśanti sma tāṃ purīm ,
bharatenāpi tāṃ rātriṃ svapno dṛṣṭo'yamapriyaḥ.

1. yām eva rātrim te dūtāḥ praviśanti sma tām purīm |
bharatena api tām rātrim svapnaḥ dṛṣṭaḥ ayam apriyaḥ

1. te dūtāḥ yām eva rātrim tām purīm praviśanti sma
bharatena api tām rātrim ayam apriyaḥ svapnaḥ dṛṣṭaḥ

1. The very night those messengers entered that city, Bharata, too, saw this inauspicious dream that same night.

Words meanings summery:

• याम् (yām) - that (referring to the night) (which, that)

• एव (eva) - indeed, very (indeed, certainly, only, just, very)

• रात्रिम् (rātrim) - night

• ते (te) - those (messengers) (those, they)

• दूताः (dūtāḥ) - messengers (messengers, envoys)

• प्रविशन्ति (praviśanti) - they enter

• स्म (sma) - indicating past action (an indeclinable particle used with present tense to denote past action)

• ताम् (tām) - that (city) (that, her)

• पुरीम् (purīm) - city (city, town)

• भरतेन (bharatena) - by Bharata (by Bharata (name of a person))

• अपि (api) - also, too (also, even, too)

• ताम् (tām) - that (night) (that, her)

• रात्रिम् (rātrim) - night

• स्वप्नः (svapnaḥ) - dream (dream, sleep)

• दृष्टः (dṛṣṭaḥ) - seen (seen, observed, perceived)

• अयम् (ayam) - this (dream) (this)

• अप्रियः (apriyaḥ) - inauspicious (unpleasant, undesirable, inauspicious)

Words meanings and morphology

याम् (yām) - that (referring to the night) (which, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of yad

yad - which, what, who

Note: Relative pronoun referring to rātrim.

एव (eva) - indeed, very (indeed, certainly, only, just, very)

(indeclinable)

रात्रिम् (rātrim) - night

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of rātri

rātri - night

ते (te) - those (messengers) (those, they)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

Note: Demonstrative pronoun.

दूताः (dūtāḥ) - messengers (messengers, envoys)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of dūta

dūta - messenger, envoy

प्रविशन्ति (praviśanti) - they enter

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of √viś

Prefix: pra

Root: viś (class 6)

Note: Root √viś (6th class, Parasmaipada), with prefix pra-.

स्म (sma) - indicating past action (an indeclinable particle used with present tense to denote past action)

(indeclinable)

ताम् (tām) - that (city) (that, her)

(pronoun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, those

Note: Demonstrative pronoun.

पुरीम् (purīm) - city (city, town)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of purī

purī - city, town

भरतेन (bharatena) - by Bharata (by Bharata (name of a person))

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of bharata

bharata - Bharata (name of a king, brother of Rama)

अपि (api) - also, too (also, even, too)

(indeclinable)

ताम् (tām) - that (night) (that, her)

(pronoun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, those

Note: Demonstrative pronoun.

रात्रिम् (rātrim) - night

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of rātri

rātri - night

स्वप्नः (svapnaḥ) - dream (dream, sleep)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of svapna

svapna - dream, sleep

दृष्टः (dṛṣṭaḥ) - seen (seen, observed, perceived)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dṛṣṭa

dṛṣṭa - seen, observed

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root √dṛś (to see)

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Agrees with svapnaḥ.

अयम् (ayam) - this (dream) (this)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, this here

Note: Demonstrative pronoun.

अप्रियः (apriyaḥ) - inauspicious (unpleasant, undesirable, inauspicious)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of apriya

apriya - unpleasant, undesirable, not dear

Negated form of priya (dear, pleasant)

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+priya)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
  negation prefix
• priya – dear, pleasant, beloved
  adjective (masculine)

Note: Agrees with svapnaḥ.

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