वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-63, verse-10

ततस्तिलोदनं भुक्त्वा पुनः पुनरधःशिराः ।
तैलेनाभ्यक्तसर्वाङ्गस्तैलमेवावगाहत ॥१०॥

10. tatastilodanaṃ bhuktvā punaḥ punaradhaḥśirāḥ ,
tailenābhyaktasarvāṅgastailamevāvagāhata.

10. tataḥ tilodanaṃ bhuktvā punaḥ punaḥ adhaḥśirāḥ
tailena abhyaktasarvāṅgaḥ tailam eva avagāhata

10. tataḥ tilodanaṃ bhuktvā punaḥ punaḥ adhaḥśirāḥ
tailena abhyaktasarvāṅgaḥ tailam eva avagāhata

10. Then, after eating sesame rice, he repeatedly immersed himself in oil, head down, with all his limbs smeared with it.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter, from there

• तिलोदनं (tilodanaṁ) - sesame rice, a dish of sesame and rice

• भुक्त्वा (bhuktvā) - having eaten, after eating

• पुनः (punaḥ) - again, repeatedly

• पुनः (punaḥ) - again, repeatedly

• अधःशिराः (adhaḥśirāḥ) - head downwards, with head bent down

• तैलेन (tailena) - with oil

• अभ्यक्तसर्वाङ्गः (abhyaktasarvāṅgaḥ) - having all limbs smeared

• तैलम् (tailam) - oil

• एव (eva) - indeed, only, just, exactly

• अवगाहत (avagāhata) - he plunged into, he immersed, he bathed

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter, from there

(indeclinable)

तिलोदनं (tilodanaṁ) - sesame rice, a dish of sesame and rice

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tilodana

tilodana - sesame rice, cooked rice mixed with sesame

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (tila+odana)

• tila – sesame, sesame seed
  noun (masculine)
• odana – cooked rice, a meal
  noun (neuter)

भुक्त्वा (bhuktvā) - having eaten, after eating

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Formed from the root 'bhuj' with the Ktvā suffix.

Root: bhuj (class 7)

पुनः (punaḥ) - again, repeatedly

(indeclinable)

पुनः (punaḥ) - again, repeatedly

(indeclinable)

अधःशिराः (adhaḥśirāḥ) - head downwards, with head bent down

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of adhaḥśiras

adhaḥśiras - head downwards, with head bent down

Compound type : Bahuvrīhi (adhas+śiras)

• adhas – down, below, downwards
  indeclinable
• śiras – head, skull, top
  noun (neuter)

तैलेन (tailena) - with oil

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of taila

taila - oil, sesame oil

अभ्यक्तसर्वाङ्गः (abhyaktasarvāṅgaḥ) - having all limbs smeared

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of abhyaktasarvāṅga

abhyaktasarvāṅga - one whose entire body or all limbs are smeared

Compound type : Bahuvrīhi (abhyakta+sarva+aṅga)

• abhyakta – smeared, anointed, covered
  participle (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from the prefix 'abhi' and root 'añj' (to smear) with the kta (त) suffix.
  Prefix: abhi
  Root: añj (class 7)
• sarva – all, every, whole
  pronoun (masculine)
• aṅga – limb, body part, constituent
  noun (neuter)

तैलम् (tailam) - oil

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of taila

taila - oil, sesame oil

एव (eva) - indeed, only, just, exactly

(indeclinable)

अवगाहत (avagāhata) - he plunged into, he immersed, he bathed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, imperfect (Laṅ) of avagāh

Prefix: ava

Root: gāh (class 1)

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