वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-53, verse-5

न च सर्पन्ति सत्त्वानि व्याला न प्रसरन्ति च ।
रामशोकाभिभूतं तन्निष्कूजमभवद्वनम् ॥५॥

5. na ca sarpanti sattvāni vyālā na prasaranti ca ,
rāmaśokābhibhūtaṃ tanniṣkūjamabhavadvanam.

5. na ca sarpanti sattvāni vyālāḥ na prasaranti ca
rāmaśokābhibhūtam tat niṣkūjam abhavat vanam

5. sattvāni na ca sarpanti,
vyālāḥ na ca prasaranti.
tat rāmaśokābhibhūtam vanam niṣkūjam abhavat.

5. Creatures do not move, nor do wild animals roam. That forest became silent, utterly overwhelmed by the grief for Rama.

Words meanings summery:

• न (na) - not, no

• च (ca) - and, also

• सर्पन्ति (sarpanti) - creatures move (they crawl, they move)

• सत्त्वानि (sattvāni) - creatures, beings, animals

• व्यालाः (vyālāḥ) - wild animals (wild animals, beasts, snakes)

• न (na) - not, no

• प्रसरन्ति (prasaranti) - wild animals roam (they spread, they roam, they move about)

• च (ca) - and, also

• रामशोकाभिभूतम् (rāmaśokābhibhūtam) - overwhelmed by Rama's sorrow/grief

• तत् (tat) - that (forest) (that)

• निष्कूजम् (niṣkūjam) - silent, without chirping/cries

• अभवत् (abhavat) - became, was

• वनम् (vanam) - forest, wood, grove

Words meanings and morphology

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

सर्पन्ति (sarpanti) - creatures move (they crawl, they move)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present indicative (laṭ) of sṛp

Root: sṛp (class 1)

सत्त्वानि (sattvāni) - creatures, beings, animals

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, plural of sattva

sattva - creature, being, animal, essence, nature

व्यालाः (vyālāḥ) - wild animals (wild animals, beasts, snakes)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vyāla

vyāla - wild animal, beast of prey, snake, noxious animal

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

प्रसरन्ति (prasaranti) - wild animals roam (they spread, they roam, they move about)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present indicative (laṭ) of prasṛp

Prefix: pra

Root: sṛp (class 1)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

रामशोकाभिभूतम् (rāmaśokābhibhūtam) - overwhelmed by Rama's sorrow/grief

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of rāmaśokābhibhūta

rāmaśokābhibhūta - overwhelmed/conquered by Rama's sorrow

Past Passive Participle

compound of Rāma (proper noun) + śoka (noun) + abhibhūta (PPP)

Compound type : tatpurusha (rāma+śoka+abhibhūta)

• rāma – Rama
  proper noun (masculine)
• śoka – sorrow, grief, lamentation
  noun (masculine)
• abhibhūta – overcome, subdued, overwhelmed, defeated
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  formed from abhi + root bhū (to be, become)
  Prefix: abhi
  Root: bhū (class 1)

तत् (tat) - that (forest) (that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

निष्कूजम् (niṣkūjam) - silent, without chirping/cries

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of niṣkūja

niṣkūja - silent, without sound, without chirping/cries

Bahuvrihi compound: nis (without) + kūja (sound, chirping)

Compound type : bahuvrihi (nis+kūja)

• nis – without, free from, out, away
  prefix
• kūja – chirping, cooing, sound, cry
  noun (masculine)

अभवत् (abhavat) - became, was

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of bhū

Root: bhū (class 1)

वनम् (vanam) - forest, wood, grove

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of vana

vana - forest, wood, grove, thicket