वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-53, verse-15

कैकेय्या विनियुक्तेन पापाभिजनभावया ।
मया न मन्त्रकुशलैर्वृद्धैः सह समर्थितम् ॥१५॥

15. kaikeyyā viniyuktena pāpābhijanabhāvayā ,
mayā na mantrakuśalairvṛddhaiḥ saha samarthitam.

15. kaikeyyā viniyuktena pāpābhijanabhāvayā mayā
na mantrakuśalaiḥ vṛddhaiḥ saha samarthitam

15. mayā kaikeyyā pāpābhijanabhāvayā viniyuktena
mantrakuśalaiḥ vṛddhaiḥ saha na samarthitam

15. Instigated by Kaikeyī—she of sinful origin—I did not deliberate this matter with wise elders skilled in counsel.

Words meanings summery:

• कैकेय्या (kaikeyyā) - by Kaikeyī

• विनियुक्तेन (viniyuktena) - instigated, appointed, directed

• पापाभिजनभावया (pāpābhijanabhāvayā) - of sinful origin and nature

• मया (mayā) - By King Daśaratha (by me)

• न (na) - not

• मन्त्रकुशलैः (mantrakuśalaiḥ) - by those skilled in counsel/deliberation

• वृद्धैः (vṛddhaiḥ) - by the elders, by the old ones

• सह (saha) - with, along with

• समर्थितम् (samarthitam) - deliberated, decided, approved, supported

Words meanings and morphology

कैकेय्या (kaikeyyā) - by Kaikeyī

(proper noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of kaikeyī

kaikeyī - Kaikeyī (name of a queen)

Patronymic from Kekaya (king of Kekaya country).

विनियुक्तेन (viniyuktena) - instigated, appointed, directed

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of viniyukta

viniyukta - instigated, appointed, enjoined, engaged, employed

Past Passive Participle

From root yuj (to join, connect) with prefixes vi and ni.

Prefixes: vi+ni

Root: yuj (class 7)

Note: Qualifies the implied "I" (Daśaratha), who is the agent (mayā).

पापाभिजनभावया (pāpābhijanabhāvayā) - of sinful origin and nature

(adjective)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of pāpābhijanabhāva

pāpābhijanabhāva - having a sinful origin and nature

Compound of pāpa (sinful) + abhijana (origin, family) + bhāva (nature, state of being).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (pāpa+abhijana+bhāva)

• pāpa – sinful, evil, bad; sin, evil
  adjective (neuter)
• abhijana – noble birth, origin, race, family
  noun (masculine)
  From jan (to be born) with prefix abhi.
  Prefix: abhi
  Root: jan (class 4)
• bhāva – nature, state of being, disposition, sentiment
  noun (masculine)
  From root bhū (to be, become).
  Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Agrees with kaikeyyā.

मया (mayā) - By King Daśaratha (by me)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of aham

aham - I, me

First person singular pronoun.

Note: Agent of the passive verb samarthitam.

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

Negative particle.

मन्त्रकुशलैः (mantrakuśalaiḥ) - by those skilled in counsel/deliberation

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of mantrakuśala

mantrakuśala - skilled in counsel, expert in deliberation

Compound mantra (counsel, deliberation) + kuśala (skilled, expert).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (mantra+kuśala)

• mantra – counsel, deliberation, advice, sacred text (mantra)
  noun (masculine)
  From root man (to think).
  Root: man (class 4)
• kuśala – skilled, expert, clever, happy, well-being
  adjective (masculine)

Note: Agrees with vṛddhaiḥ.

वृद्धैः (vṛddhaiḥ) - by the elders, by the old ones

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of vṛddha

vṛddha - old, aged, grown, wise elder

Past Passive Participle

From root vṛdh (to grow, increase).

Root: vṛdh (class 1)

सह (saha) - with, along with

(indeclinable)

Governs instrumental case.

समर्थितम् (samarthitam) - deliberated, decided, approved, supported

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of samarthita

samarthita - deliberated, decided, supported, capable, suitable

Past Passive Participle

From root arth (to aim, strive) with prefix sam.

Prefix: sam

Root: arth (class 10)

Note: Passive construction, the object (idam) is in nominative, agent (mayā) in instrumental.

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