वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-49, verse-4

ततो न्यग्रोधमासाद्य महान्तं हरितच्छदम् ।
विवृद्धं बहुभिर्वृक्षैः श्यामं सिद्धोपसेवितम् ॥४॥

4. tato nyagrodhamāsādya mahāntaṃ haritacchadam ,
vivṛddhaṃ bahubhirvṛkṣaiḥ śyāmaṃ siddhopasevitam.

4. tataḥ nyagrodham āsādya mahāntam haritacchadam
vivṛddham bahubhiḥ vṛkṣaiḥ śyāmam siddhopasevitam

4. tataḥ mahāntam haritacchadam bahubhiḥ vṛkṣaiḥ
vivṛddham śyāmam siddhopasevitam nyagrodham āsādya

4. Then, having reached a great banyan tree, which has green leaves, is very large and thriving amidst many trees, dark, and frequented by perfected beings (siddhas).

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, from there, thereafter

• न्यग्रोधम् (nyagrodham) - banyan tree

• आसाद्य (āsādya) - having reached, having attained, having approached

• महान्तम् (mahāntam) - great, large, vast

• हरितच्छदम् (haritacchadam) - having green leaves, green-leaved

• विवृद्धम् (vivṛddham) - grown large, thriving, greatly increased

• बहुभिः (bahubhiḥ) - by many

• वृक्षैः (vṛkṣaiḥ) - by trees

• श्यामम् (śyāmam) - dark, shady, black, dark blue

• सिद्धोपसेवितम् (siddhopasevitam) - resorted to by perfected beings, frequented by siddhas

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then, from there, thereafter

(indeclinable)

Ablative adverb from 'tad' (that)

न्यग्रोधम् (nyagrodham) - banyan tree

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of nyagrodha

nyagrodha - banyan tree (Ficus indica)

आसाद्य (āsādya) - having reached, having attained, having approached

(indeclinable)

absolutive

Derived from root sad with prefix ā

Prefix: ā

Root: sad (class 1)

महान्तम् (mahāntam) - great, large, vast

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, mighty, important

हरितच्छदम् (haritacchadam) - having green leaves, green-leaved

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of haritacchada

haritacchada - having green leaves, green-leaved

Compound describing something with green leaves

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (harita+cchada)

• harita – green, greenish, yellow
  adjective
• cchada – leaf, covering, sheath
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root chad (to cover)
  Root: chad (class 1)

विवृद्धम् (vivṛddham) - grown large, thriving, greatly increased

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vivṛddha

vivṛddha - grown large, thriving, greatly increased, prosperous

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root vṛdh (to grow, increase) with prefix vi

Prefix: vi

Root: vṛdh (class 1)

बहुभिः (bahubhiḥ) - by many

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of bahu

bahu - many, numerous, abundant

वृक्षैः (vṛkṣaiḥ) - by trees

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of vṛkṣa

vṛkṣa - tree, plant

श्यामम् (śyāmam) - dark, shady, black, dark blue

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of śyāma

śyāma - dark, shady, black, dark blue/green

सिद्धोपसेवितम् (siddhopasevitam) - resorted to by perfected beings, frequented by siddhas

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of siddhopasevita

siddhopasevita - resorted to by perfected beings, frequented by siddhas

Compound describing something served or attended by siddhas

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (siddha+upasevita)

• siddha – perfected being, accomplished, successful
  noun (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root sidh (to succeed, accomplish)
  Root: sidh (class 1)
• upasevita – attended, served, frequented, honored
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root sev (to serve) with prefix upa
  Prefix: upa
  Root: sev (class 1)

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