वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-49, verse-15

विहृत्य ते बर्हिणपूगनादिते शुभे वने वारणवानरायुते ।
समं नदीवप्रमुपेत्य संमतं निवासमाजग्मुरदीनदर्शनः ॥१५॥

15. vihṛtya te barhiṇapūganādite śubhe vane vāraṇavānarāyute ,
samaṃ nadīvapramupetya saṃmataṃ nivāsamājagmuradīnadarśanaḥ.

15. vihṛtya te barhiṇapūganādite śubhe vane vāraṇavānarāyute
samam nadīvapram upetya saṃmatam nivāsam ājagmuḥ adīnadarśanaḥ

15. te adīnadarśanaḥ barhiṇapūganādite vāraṇavānarāyute śubhe
vane vihṛtya samam nadīvapram upetya saṃmatam nivāsam ājagmuḥ

15. After wandering and sporting in that beautiful forest, which resounded with flocks of peacocks and was teeming with elephants and monkeys, they, looking undaunted, together reached a suitable dwelling on the riverbank.

Words meanings summery:

• विहृत्य (vihṛtya) - having spent time wandering and sporting (having wandered, having sported)

• ते (te) - they (Rama and Lakshmana) (they, those)

• बर्हिणपूगनादिते (barhiṇapūganādite) - (forest) reverberating with flocks of peacocks (reverberating with flocks of peacocks)

• शुभे (śubhe) - beautiful (beautiful, auspicious)

• वने (vane) - in the forest

• वारणवानरायुते (vāraṇavānarāyute) - (forest) teeming with elephants and monkeys (filled with elephants and monkeys)

• समम् (samam) - together (equally, together, along with)

• नदीवप्रम् (nadīvapram) - riverbank (river-bank, river-side)

• उपेत्य (upetya) - having approached

• संमतम् (saṁmatam) - suitable (suitable, agreeable, approved)

• निवासम् (nivāsam) - dwelling place (dwelling place, abode)

• आजग्मुः (ājagmuḥ) - they arrived (they came, they arrived)

• अदीनदर्शनः (adīnadarśanaḥ) - appearing undaunted (of undaunted appearance, of un-meek sight)

Words meanings and morphology

विहृत्य (vihṛtya) - having spent time wandering and sporting (having wandered, having sported)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Formed from root `hṛ` with prefix `vi` and suffix `ktvā` (replaced by `lya`)

Prefix: vi

Root: hṛ (class 1)

ते (te) - they (Rama and Lakshmana) (they, those)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

बर्हिणपूगनादिते (barhiṇapūganādite) - (forest) reverberating with flocks of peacocks (reverberating with flocks of peacocks)

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, singular of barhiṇapūganādita

barhiṇapūganādita - made to resound by flocks of peacocks

Past Passive Participle

Compound (3rd member) meaning 'caused to resound by flocks of peacocks'

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (barhiṇa+pūga+nādita)

• barhiṇa – peacock
  noun (masculine)
• pūga – flock, multitude, group
  noun (masculine)
• nādita – sounded, made to resound, filled with sounds
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root `nad` (1P) 'to sound', causative `nādayati`, then p.p.p.
  Root: nad (class 1)

Note: Modifies `vane`.

शुभे (śubhe) - beautiful (beautiful, auspicious)

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, singular of śubha

śubha - beautiful, auspicious, good, pure

Note: Modifies `vane`.

वने (vane) - in the forest

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of vana

vana - forest, wood, grove

वारणवानरायुते (vāraṇavānarāyute) - (forest) teeming with elephants and monkeys (filled with elephants and monkeys)

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, singular of vāraṇavānarāyuta

vāraṇavānarāyuta - filled/occupied by elephants and monkeys

Compound (3rd member) meaning 'occupied by elephants and monkeys'

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (vāraṇa+vānara+āyuta)

• vāraṇa – elephant, repelling
  noun (masculine)
• vānara – monkey
  noun (masculine)
• āyuta – joined, connected, filled, furnished with
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root `yuj` (7P) 'to join' with prefix `ā`
  Prefix: ā
  Root: yuj (class 7)

Note: Modifies `vane`.

समम् (samam) - together (equally, together, along with)

(indeclinable)

Accusative singular neuter of `sama` used adverbially.

नदीवप्रम् (nadīvapram) - riverbank (river-bank, river-side)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of nadīvapra

nadīvapra - river-bank, high bank of a river

Compound of `nadī` (river) and `vapra` (bank).

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (nadī+vapra)

• nadī – river
  noun (feminine)
• vapra – bank, mound, dam, field
  noun (masculine)

उपेत्य (upetya) - having approached

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Formed from root `i` with prefix `upa` and suffix `ktvā` (replaced by `lya`)

Prefix: upa

Root: i (class 2)

संमतम् (saṁmatam) - suitable (suitable, agreeable, approved)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of saṃmata

saṁmata - agreed upon, approved, suitable, fit

Past Passive Participle

From root `man` (4A) 'to think' with prefix `sam`.

Prefix: sam

Root: man (class 4)

Note: Modifies `nivāsam`.

निवासम् (nivāsam) - dwelling place (dwelling place, abode)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of nivāsa

nivāsa - dwelling, abode, residence, garment

From root `vas` (1P) 'to dwell' with prefix `ni`.

Prefix: ni

Root: vas (class 1)

आजग्मुः (ājagmuḥ) - they arrived (they came, they arrived)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (lit) of gam

Perfect tense, 3rd person plural

From root `gam` (1P) 'to go' with prefix `ā`. Reduplicated perfect.

Prefix: ā

Root: gam (class 1)

अदीनदर्शनः (adīnadarśanaḥ) - appearing undaunted (of undaunted appearance, of un-meek sight)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of adīnadarśana

adīnadarśana - having an unmeek appearance, of undaunted aspect

Bahuvrīhi compound: 'whose appearance is not meek/humble'. Negation `a` + `dīna` (meek, humble) + `darśana` (appearance, sight).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (a+dīna+darśana)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
  Negation prefix
• dīna – meek, humble, sad, dejected
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root `dī` (4P) 'to decay, to be sad'.
  Root: dī (class 4)
• darśana – appearance, sight, seeing
  noun (neuter)
  From root `dṛś` (1P) 'to see' with suffix `ana`.
  Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Modifies the implied subject (Rama).

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