वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-39, verse-3

यस्तवार्ये गतः पुत्रस्त्यक्त्वा राज्यं महाबलः ।
साधु कुर्वन्महात्मानं पितरं सत्यवादिनाम् ॥३॥

3. yastavārye gataḥ putrastyaktvā rājyaṃ mahābalaḥ ,
sādhu kurvanmahātmānaṃ pitaraṃ satyavādinām.

3. yaḥ tava ārye gataḥ putraḥ tyaktvā rājyam mahābalaḥ
sādhu kurvan mahātmānam pitaram satyavādinām

3. ārye tava mahābalaḥ putraḥ yaḥ rājyam tyaktvā
gataḥ satyavādinām pitaram mahātmānam sādhu kurvan

3. O noble lady, your mighty son, who has departed after abandoning the kingdom, is acting virtuously, thereby establishing his great-souled (mahātman) father among the truth-speakers.

Words meanings summery:

• यः (yaḥ) - who (refers to the son) (who, which)

• तव (tava) - your

• आर्ये (ārye) - O noble lady, O revered one

• गतः (gataḥ) - gone, departed

• पुत्रः (putraḥ) - son

• त्यक्त्वा (tyaktvā) - having abandoned, having forsaken

• राज्यम् (rājyam) - kingdom, sovereignty

• महाबलः (mahābalaḥ) - mighty, of great strength

• साधु (sādhu) - acting virtuously (well, properly, rightly, good)

• कुर्वन् (kurvan) - thereby making (doing, making, performing)

• महात्मानम् (mahātmānam) - his great-souled (mahātman) father (great-souled, noble, magnanimous)

• पितरम् (pitaram) - father

• सत्यवादिनाम् (satyavādinām) - of truth-speakers, of those who speak the truth

Words meanings and morphology

यः (yaḥ) - who (refers to the son) (who, which)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - which, who, what

Note: Relative pronoun, refers to 'putraḥ'.

तव (tava) - your

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of yūṣmad

yūṣmad - you

Note: Alternate form for te

आर्ये (ārye) - O noble lady, O revered one

(noun)

Vocative, feminine, singular of āryā

āryā - noble lady, respectable woman, mistress

गतः (gataḥ) - gone, departed

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of gata

gata - gone, departed, arrived, understood

past passive participle

From root gam- (to go)

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'putraḥ'.

पुत्रः (putraḥ) - son

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of putra

putra - son

त्यक्त्वा (tyaktvā) - having abandoned, having forsaken

(indeclinable)

absolutive / gerund

From root tyaj- (to abandon)

Root: tyaj (class 1)

राज्यम् (rājyam) - kingdom, sovereignty

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of rājya

rājya - kingdom, rule, dominion

Note: Object of 'tyaktvā'.

महाबलः (mahābalaḥ) - mighty, of great strength

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahābala

mahābala - of great strength, very powerful, mighty

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+bala)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• bala – strength, power, force
  noun (masculine)

Note: Agrees with 'putraḥ'.

साधु (sādhu) - acting virtuously (well, properly, rightly, good)

(indeclinable)

कुर्वन् (kurvan) - thereby making (doing, making, performing)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kṛ

kṛ - to do, to make, to perform

present active participle

From root kṛ- (to do), Parasmaipada, class 8

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Agrees with 'putraḥ'. Describes the action of the son.

महात्मानम् (mahātmānam) - his great-souled (mahātman) father (great-souled, noble, magnanimous)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of mahātman

mahātman - great-souled, noble, magnanimous, the Supreme Soul (ātman)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+ātman)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• ātman – self, soul, spirit, essence, the individual soul (ātman), the Supreme Self (ātman)
  noun (masculine)

Note: Object of 'kurvan', refers to the father.

पितरम् (pitaram) - father

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of pitṛ

pitṛ - father, ancestor

Note: Object of 'kurvan'.

सत्यवादिनाम् (satyavādinām) - of truth-speakers, of those who speak the truth

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of satyavādin

satyavādin - truth-speaker, one who speaks truth

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (satya+vādin)

• satya – truth, true, real
  noun (neuter)
• vādin – speaker, one who says, advocate
  noun (masculine)
  From root vad- (to speak)
  Root: vad (class 1)

Note: Indicates the group among whom the father is placed.

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