वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-39, verse-2

तवार्ये सद्गुणैर्युक्तः पुत्रः स पुरुषोत्तमः ।
किं ते विलपितेनैवं कृपणं रुदितेन वा ॥२॥

2. tavārye sadguṇairyuktaḥ putraḥ sa puruṣottamaḥ ,
kiṃ te vilapitenaivaṃ kṛpaṇaṃ ruditena vā.

2. tava ārye sadguṇaiḥ yuktaḥ putraḥ saḥ puruṣottamaḥ
kim te vilapitena evam kṛpaṇam ruditena vā

2. ārye tava putraḥ sadguṇaiḥ yuktaḥ saḥ puruṣottamaḥ
te evam kṛpaṇam vilapitena ruditena vā kim

2. O noble lady, your son, endowed with excellent qualities, is the best among men. What is the point of you lamenting or crying so piteously?

Words meanings summery:

• तव (tava) - your

• आर्ये (ārye) - O noble lady, O revered one

• सद्गुणैः (sadguṇaiḥ) - by good qualities, with excellent virtues

• युक्तः (yuktaḥ) - endowed with, possessed of, joined

• पुत्रः (putraḥ) - son

• सः (saḥ) - he, that

• पुरुषोत्तमः (puruṣottamaḥ) - best among men, supreme person

• किम् (kim) - What is the use? (what?, why?, what use?)

• ते (te) - for you (to you, for you, your)

• विलपितेन (vilapitena) - by lamenting, by weeping

• एवम् (evam) - thus, so, in this manner

• कृपणम् (kṛpaṇam) - miserably, pitiably, wretchedly

• रुदितेन (ruditena) - by crying, by weeping

• वा (vā) - or

Words meanings and morphology

तव (tava) - your

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of yūṣmad

yūṣmad - you

Note: Alternate form for te

आर्ये (ārye) - O noble lady, O revered one

(noun)

Vocative, feminine, singular of āryā

āryā - noble lady, respectable woman, mistress

सद्गुणैः (sadguṇaiḥ) - by good qualities, with excellent virtues

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of sadguṇa

sadguṇa - good quality, excellent virtue

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sat+guṇa)

• sat – good, true, existing
  adjective
  present active participle
  From root as (to be)
  Root: as (class 2)
• guṇa – quality, virtue, attribute
  noun (masculine)

युक्तः (yuktaḥ) - endowed with, possessed of, joined

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yukta

yukta - joined, yoked, endowed with, engaged, proper

past passive participle

From root yuj- to join

Root: yuj (class 7)

Note: Agrees with putraḥ

पुत्रः (putraḥ) - son

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of putra

putra - son

सः (saḥ) - he, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Nominative singular masculine form of tad

पुरुषोत्तमः (puruṣottamaḥ) - best among men, supreme person

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of puruṣottama

puruṣottama - best among men, supreme man, highest being

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (puruṣa+uttama)

• puruṣa – man, person, male, human being, the cosmic person (puruṣa)
  noun (masculine)
• uttama – best, highest, supreme, excellent
  adjective
  Superlative of ud (up/out)

किम् (kim) - What is the use? (what?, why?, what use?)

(indeclinable)

ते (te) - for you (to you, for you, your)

(pronoun)

Dative, singular of yūṣmad

yūṣmad - you

Note: Can be dative or genitive. Here, dative 'for you'.

विलपितेन (vilapitena) - by lamenting, by weeping

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of vilapita

vilapita - lamenting, wailing, lamented

past passive participle (used as a noun)

From prefix vi- and root lap- (to lament)

Prefix: vi

Root: lap (class 1)

एवम् (evam) - thus, so, in this manner

(indeclinable)

कृपणम् (kṛpaṇam) - miserably, pitiably, wretchedly

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of kṛpaṇa

kṛpaṇa - miserable, pitiable, wretched, poor

Note: Used adverbially here.

रुदितेन (ruditena) - by crying, by weeping

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of rudita

rudita - crying, weeping, cried

past passive participle (used as a noun)

From root rud- (to cry)

Root: rud (class 2)

वा (vā) - or

(indeclinable)

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