वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-33, verse-3

यो हि दत्त्वा द्विपश्रेष्ठं कक्ष्यायां कुरुते मनः ।
रज्जुस्नेहेन किं तस्य त्यजतः कुञ्जरोत्तमम् ॥३॥

3. yo hi dattvā dvipaśreṣṭhaṃ kakṣyāyāṃ kurute manaḥ ,
rajjusnehena kiṃ tasya tyajataḥ kuñjarottamam.

3. yaḥ hi dattvā dvipaśreṣṭham kakṣyāyām kurute manaḥ
| rajjusnehena kim tasya tyajataḥ kuñjarottamam

3. hi yaḥ dvipaśreṣṭham dattvā manaḥ kakṣyāyām kurute,
tasya kuñjarottamam tyajataḥ rajjusnehena kim

3. Indeed, what purpose is there for affection for a rope for someone who, having given away the finest elephant, still fixes his mind on its tether, having abandoned the best of elephants?

Words meanings summery:

• यः (yaḥ) - who, which

• हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, because, for)

• दत्त्वा (dattvā) - having given, after giving

• द्विपश्रेष्ठम् (dvipaśreṣṭham) - the best of elephants, magnificent elephant

• कक्ष्यायाम् (kakṣyāyām) - on its tether (on the rope/tether, in the girth)

• कुरुते (kurute) - places, fixes (places, makes, does)

• मनः (manaḥ) - mind (mind, thought)

• रज्जुस्नेहेन (rajjusnehena) - by affection for a mere rope (by attachment to a rope, by rope-affection)

• किम् (kim) - what purpose (what, what purpose)

• तस्य (tasya) - for him (of him, for him)

• त्यजतः (tyajataḥ) - having abandoned (of one abandoning, abandoning)

• कुञ्जरोत्तमम् (kuñjarottamam) - the best of elephants

Words meanings and morphology

यः (yaḥ) - who, which

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what (relative pronoun)

Masculine nominative singular

Note: Subject of kurute

हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, because, for)

(indeclinable)

Emphatic/causal particle

दत्त्वा (dattvā) - having given, after giving

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

Formed from root dā (to give) + tvā (absolutive suffix)

Root: dā (class 3)

द्विपश्रेष्ठम् (dvipaśreṣṭham) - the best of elephants, magnificent elephant

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dvipaśreṣṭha

dvipaśreṣṭha - best of elephants, magnificent elephant

Tatpurusha compound

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dvipa+śreṣṭha)

• dvipa – elephant (literally 'drinker with two')
  noun (masculine)
  Compound dvi (two) + pa (drinker).
  Root: pā (class 1)
• śreṣṭha – best, most excellent, superior
  adjective
  Superlative of praśasya (excellent)

Note: Object of dattvā

कक्ष्यायाम् (kakṣyāyām) - on its tether (on the rope/tether, in the girth)

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of kakṣyā

kakṣyā - girth, belt, tether, rope, elephant's housing

Feminine a-stem noun

कुरुते (kurute) - places, fixes (places, makes, does)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of kṛ

Present Tense, middle voice

Third person singular present middle voice

Root: kṛ (class 8)

मनः (manaḥ) - mind (mind, thought)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of manas

manas - mind, intellect, heart, disposition

Neuter s-stem noun

Root: man (class 4)

Note: Object of kurute

रज्जुस्नेहेन (rajjusnehena) - by affection for a mere rope (by attachment to a rope, by rope-affection)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of rajjusneha

rajjusneha - affection for a rope, attachment to a rope

Tatpurusha compound

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (rajju+sneha)

• rajju – rope, cord
  noun (feminine)
• sneha – affection, love, tenderness, oil
  noun (masculine)
  Root: snih (class 4)

Note: Used with kim ('what purpose by means of X').

किम् (kim) - what purpose (what, what purpose)

(indeclinable)

Masculine/neuter nominative/accusative singular

Note: Often takes instrumental, meaning 'what is the use of...'.

तस्य (tasya) - for him (of him, for him)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it (demonstrative/personal pronoun)

Masculine genitive singular

Note: Genitive of interest.

त्यजतः (tyajataḥ) - having abandoned (of one abandoning, abandoning)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tyajat

tyajat - abandoning, forsaking

Present Active Participle

Root tyaj (to abandon) + śatṛ (present participle suffix)

Root: tyaj (class 1)

कुञ्जरोत्तमम् (kuñjarottamam) - the best of elephants

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of kuñjarottama

kuñjarottama - best of elephants, chief elephant

Tatpurusha compound

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kuñjara+uttama)

• kuñjara – elephant
  noun (masculine)
• uttama – best, highest, supreme
  adjective
  Superlative of ud (up)

Note: Object of tyajataḥ

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