वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-33, verse-19

इमां महेन्द्रोपमजातगर्भिणीं तथा विधातुं जनमीं ममार्हसि ।
यथा वनस्थे मयि शोककर्शिता न जीवितं न्यस्य यमक्षयं व्रजेत् ॥१९॥

19. imāṃ mahendropamajātagarbhiṇīṃ tathā vidhātuṃ janamīṃ mamārhasi ,
yathā vanasthe mayi śokakarśitā na jīvitaṃ nyasya yamakṣayaṃ vrajet.

19. imām mahendropamajātagarbhiṇīm
tathā vidhātum janmīm mama arhasi
yathā vanasthe mayi śokakarśitā na
jīvitam nyasya yamakṣayam vrajet

19. (tvam) mama arhasi tathā vidhātum imām
mahendropamajātagarbhiṇīm janmīm
yathā mayi vanasthe (sati) śokakarśitā
na jīvitam nyasya yamakṣayam vrajet

19. You ought to ensure that this mother, who is pregnant with one comparable to the great Indra (Mahendra), does not, while I am residing in the forest, become emaciated by grief, abandon her life, and proceed to the abode of Yama (death).

Words meanings summery:

• इमाम् (imām) - this (feminine, accusative)

• महेन्द्रोपमजातगर्भिणीम् (mahendropamajātagarbhiṇīm) - pregnant with one comparable to the great Indra (Mahendra)

• तथा (tathā) - thus, in such a way

• विधातुम् (vidhātum) - to arrange, to do, to manage

• जन्मीम् (janmīm) - mother

• मम (mama) - my, for me

• अर्हसि (arhasi) - you ought

• यथा (yathā) - so that, as, in which way

• वनस्थे (vanasthe) - residing in the forest, forest-dwelling

• मयि (mayi) - in me, while I am

• शोककर्शिता (śokakarśitā) - emaciated by grief

• न (na) - not

• जीवितम् (jīvitam) - life

• न्यस्य (nyasya) - having abandoned, having laid aside

• यमक्षयम् (yamakṣayam) - abode of Yama (death)

• व्रजेत् (vrajet) - should go, may go

Words meanings and morphology

इमाम् (imām) - this (feminine, accusative)

(pronoun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of idam

idam - this, these

Demonstrative pronoun

महेन्द्रोपमजातगर्भिणीम् (mahendropamajātagarbhiṇīm) - pregnant with one comparable to the great Indra (Mahendra)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of mahendropamajātagarbhiṇī

mahendropamajātagarbhiṇī - one who has conceived a child like Mahendra (Indra)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+indra+upama+jāta+garbhiṇī)

• mahā – great
  adjective
• indra – Indra (king of gods)
  proper noun (masculine)
• upama – comparison, resemblance, similar to
  noun (feminine)
• jāta – born, produced, conceived
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root jan (to be born)
  Root: jan (class 4)
• garbhiṇī – pregnant woman
  noun (feminine)

तथा (tathā) - thus, in such a way

(indeclinable)

विधातुम् (vidhātum) - to arrange, to do, to manage

(verb)

active, infinitive of vidhā

Infinitive

From root dhā (to place, hold) with prefix vi

Prefix: vi

Root: dhā (class 3)

जन्मीम् (janmīm) - mother

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of janmī

janmī - mother, producer, creatress

Feminine form derived from root jan (to be born). A less common variant of jananī.

Root: jan (class 4)

मम (mama) - my, for me

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of mad

mad - I, me

First person pronoun

Note: Here functioning with arhasi as 'for me' or 'on my behalf'.

अर्हसि (arhasi) - you ought

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of arh

Present Tense

2nd person singular, present active indicative

Root: arh (class 1)

यथा (yathā) - so that, as, in which way

(indeclinable)

वनस्थे (vanasthe) - residing in the forest, forest-dwelling

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of vanastha

vanastha - staying in the forest, forest-dwelling

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vana+stha)

• vana – forest, wood
  noun (neuter)
• stha – standing, situated, abiding
  adjective (masculine)
  From root sthā (to stand)
  Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Used in locative absolute construction with mayi.

मयि (mayi) - in me, while I am

(pronoun)

Locative, singular of mad

mad - I, me

First person pronoun

Note: Used in locative absolute construction with vanasthe.

शोककर्शिता (śokakarśitā) - emaciated by grief

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of śokakarśita

śokakarśita - emaciated by grief, worn out by sorrow

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śoka+karśita)

• śoka – grief, sorrow
  noun (masculine)
• karśita – emaciated, weakened, worn out
  adjective (feminine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root kṛś (to emaciate)
  Root: kṛś (class 1)

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

जीवितम् (jīvitam) - life

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of jīvita

jīvita - life, living, livelihood

Past Passive Participle (used as noun)

Derived from root jīv (to live)

Root: jīv (class 1)

न्यस्य (nyasya) - having abandoned, having laid aside

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

From root as (to throw, place) with prefix ni

Prefix: ni

Root: as (class 4)

यमक्षयम् (yamakṣayam) - abode of Yama (death)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of yamakṣaya

yamakṣaya - abode of Yama, Yama's dwelling (death)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (yama+kṣaya)

• yama – Yama (god of death), restraint
  proper noun (masculine)
• kṣaya – abode, dwelling, destruction
  noun (masculine)

Note: Denoting destination

व्रजेत् (vrajet) - should go, may go

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (liṅ) of vraj

Optative Tense

3rd person singular, optative active

Root: vraj (class 1)

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