वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-33, verse-2

त्यक्तभोगस्य मे राजन् वने वन्येन जीवतः ।
किं कार्यमनुयात्रेण त्यक्तसङ्गस्य सर्वतः ॥२॥

2. tyaktabhogasya me rājan vane vanyena jīvataḥ ,
kiṃ kāryamanuyātreṇa tyaktasaṅgasya sarvataḥ.

2. tyaktabhogasya me rājan vane vanyena jīvataḥ |
kim kāryam anuyātreṇa tyaktasaṅgasya sarvataḥ

2. rājan tyaktabhogasya vane vanyena jīvataḥ
sarvataḥ tyaktasaṅgasya me anuyātreṇa kim kāryam

2. O King, what need is there for a retinue for me, who has renounced all worldly enjoyments, who lives on forest provisions in the forest, and who is completely free from attachments?

Words meanings summery:

• त्यक्तभोगस्य (tyaktabhogasya) - of one who has abandoned enjoyments

• मे (me) - for me (to me, for me, my)

• राजन् (rājan) - O King

• वने (vane) - in the forest

• वन्येन (vanyena) - by forest produce, with forest things

• जीवतः (jīvataḥ) - of one living, living

• किम् (kim) - what (what, why)

• कार्यम् (kāryam) - purpose (purpose, business, task, what is to be done)

• अनुयात्रेण (anuyātreṇa) - by a retinue (by a retinue, by a follower)

• त्यक्तसङ्गस्य (tyaktasaṅgasya) - of one who is completely free from attachments (of one who has abandoned attachment)

• सर्वतः (sarvataḥ) - completely (completely, from all sides, entirely)

Words meanings and morphology

त्यक्तभोगस्य (tyaktabhogasya) - of one who has abandoned enjoyments

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tyaktabhoga

tyaktabhoga - one who has abandoned enjoyments

Bahuvrihi compound

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (tyakta+bhoga)

• tyakta – abandoned, forsaken, given up
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Root tyaj (to abandon) + kta
  Root: tyaj (class 1)
• bhoga – enjoyment, experience, possession
  noun (masculine)
  Root: bhuj (class 7)

Note: Qualifies me

मे (me) - for me (to me, for me, my)

(pronoun)

Dative, singular of aham

aham - I

Pronominal form for first person singular

Note: Used as dative of interest.

राजन् (rājan) - O King

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

n-stem noun

Root: rāj

वने (vane) - in the forest

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of vana

vana - forest, wood, grove

Root: van (class 1)

वन्येन (vanyena) - by forest produce, with forest things

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of vanya

vanya - forest produce, wild, belonging to the forest

From vana (forest) + ya (taddhita suffix). Can be adjective or neuter noun.

Note: Means of subsistence.

जीवतः (jīvataḥ) - of one living, living

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of jīvat

jīvat - living, alive

Present Active Participle

Root jīv (to live) + śatṛ (present participle suffix)

Root: jīv (class 1)

किम् (kim) - what (what, why)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kim

kim - who, what, which (interrogative pronoun/adjective)

Masculine/neuter nominative/accusative singular

Note: Subject of the implied 'asti' (is).

कार्यम् (kāryam) - purpose (purpose, business, task, what is to be done)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kārya

kārya - work, duty, purpose, what is to be done

Gerundive

From kṛ (to do) + ya (gerundive suffix). 'That which is to be done'.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Predicate nominative.

अनुयात्रेण (anuyātreṇa) - by a retinue (by a retinue, by a follower)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of anuyātra

anuyātra - retinue, following, attendant

Compound anu-yātra (that which follows on a journey).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (anu+yātra)

• anu – after, along, following
  indeclinable
  Preposition/prefix
• yātra – journey, procession, going
  noun (feminine)
  From root yā (to go)
  Root: yā (class 2)

Note: Agent in a passive construction, or means for the 'purpose'.

त्यक्तसङ्गस्य (tyaktasaṅgasya) - of one who is completely free from attachments (of one who has abandoned attachment)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tyaktasaṅga

tyaktasaṅga - one who has abandoned attachment, detached

Bahuvrihi compound.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (tyakta+saṅga)

• tyakta – abandoned, forsaken, given up
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Root tyaj (to abandon) + kta
  Root: tyaj (class 1)
• saṅga – attachment, connection, company
  noun (masculine)
  From sañj (to cling, attach) with prefix sam.
  Prefix: sam
  Root: sañj (class 1)

Note: Qualifies me

सर्वतः (sarvataḥ) - completely (completely, from all sides, entirely)

(indeclinable)

Adverb formed from sarva (all) + tas (suffix for 'from').

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