वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-11, verse-3

त्वं कत्थसे महाराज सत्यवादी दृढव्रतः ।
मम चेमं वरं कस्माद्विधारयितुमिच्छसि ॥३॥

3. tvaṃ katthase mahārāja satyavādī dṛḍhavrataḥ ,
mama cemaṃ varaṃ kasmādvidhārayitumicchasi.

3. tvam katthase mahārāja satyavādī dṛḍhavrataḥ
mama ca imam varam kasmāt vidhārayitum icchasi

3. mahārāja tvam satyavādī ca dṛḍhavrataḥ katthase
mama imam varam kasmāt vidhārayitum icchasi

3. You boast, O great king, that you are a truth-speaker and firm in vows. Why then do you wish to deny this boon of mine?

Words meanings summery:

• त्वम् (tvam) - you

• कत्थसे (katthase) - you boast, you praise yourself

• महाराज (mahārāja) - O great king

• सत्यवादी (satyavādī) - truth-speaker, one who speaks truth

• दृढव्रतः (dṛḍhavrataḥ) - firm in vows, steadfast in resolve

• मम (mama) - my, of me

• च (ca) - and, also

• इमम् (imam) - this

• वरम् (varam) - boon, desired thing

• कस्मात् (kasmāt) - why, from what

• विधारयितुम् (vidhārayitum) - to withhold, to deny, to hold back

• इच्छसि (icchasi) - you wish, you desire

Words meanings and morphology

त्वम् (tvam) - you

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

कत्थसे (katthase) - you boast, you praise yourself

(verb)

2nd person , singular, middle, present (Laṭ) of katth

Root: √katth (class 1)

महाराज (mahārāja) - O great king

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of mahārāja

mahārāja - great king

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (mahā+rājan)

• mahā – great, mighty
  adjective (feminine)
• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)

सत्यवादी (satyavādī) - truth-speaker, one who speaks truth

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of satyavādin

satyavādin - speaking truth, truthful

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (satya+vādin)

• satya – truth, reality
  noun (neuter)
• vādin – speaker, saying
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent noun from root √vad (to speak)
  Root: √vad (class 1)

दृढव्रतः (dṛḍhavrataḥ) - firm in vows, steadfast in resolve

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dṛḍhavrata

dṛḍhavrata - firm in vows, steadfast in resolve

Compound type : bahuvrihi (dṛḍha+vrata)

• dṛḍha – firm, strong, steadfast
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root √dṛṃh (to make firm)
  Root: √dṛṃh (class 1)
• vrata – vow, sacred observance, religious practice
  noun (neuter)

मम (mama) - my, of me

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of asmad

asmad - I

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

इमम् (imam) - this

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this

वरम् (varam) - boon, desired thing

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vara

vara - boon, blessing, best, choice

कस्मात् (kasmāt) - why, from what

(pronoun)

Ablative, singular of kim

kim - who, what, which, why

विधारयितुम् (vidhārayitum) - to withhold, to deny, to hold back

(indeclinable)

infinitive

Infinitive form of causative √dhṛ with prefix vi

Prefix: vi

Root: √dhṛ (class 10)

इच्छसि (icchasi) - you wish, you desire

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (Laṭ) of iṣ

Root: √iṣ (class 4)