वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-106, verse-6

विध्वस्तकवचां रुग्णगजवाजिरथध्वजाम् ।
हतप्रवीरामापन्नां चमूमिव महाहवे ॥६॥

6. vidhvastakavacāṃ rugṇagajavājirathadhvajām ,
hatapravīrāmāpannāṃ camūmiva mahāhave.

6. vidhvastakavacām rugṇagajavājirathadhvajām
hatapravīrām āpannām camūm iva mahāhave

6. mahāhave camūm iva vidhvastakavacām
rugṇagajavājirathadhvajām hatapravīrām āpannām

6. Like an army in a great battle, its armor shattered, its elephants, horses, chariots, and banners broken, its principal warriors slain, and itself plunged into distress.

Words meanings summery:

• विध्वस्तकवचाम् (vidhvastakavacām) - with destroyed armor, whose armor is shattered

• रुग्णगजवाजिरथध्वजाम् (rugṇagajavājirathadhvajām) - with shattered elephants, horses, chariots, and banners

• हतप्रवीराम् (hatapravīrām) - with slain heroes/warriors, whose chief warriors are killed

• आपन्नाम् (āpannām) - plunged into distress, afflicted (fallen, obtained, reached, distressed, afflicted)

• चमूम् (camūm) - an army (army, host, troop)

• इव (iva) - like, as, as if

• महाहवे (mahāhave) - in a great battle

Words meanings and morphology

विध्वस्तकवचाम् (vidhvastakavacām) - with destroyed armor, whose armor is shattered

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of vidhvastakavaca

vidhvastakavaca - having destroyed armor

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (vidhvasta+kavaca)

• vidhvasta – destroyed, shattered, ruined
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From root dhvaṃs (to fall, perish) with prefix vi.
  Prefix: vi
  Root: dhvaṃs (class 1)
• kavaca – armor, mail, shield
  noun (masculine)
  Root: kava

Note: Modifies camūm.

रुग्णगजवाजिरथध्वजाम् (rugṇagajavājirathadhvajām) - with shattered elephants, horses, chariots, and banners

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of rugṇagajavājirathadhvaja

rugṇagajavājirathadhvaja - having shattered elephants, horses, chariots, and banners

A bahuvrīhi compound where rugṇa modifies a list of military components.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (rugṇa+gaja+vājin+ratha+dhvaja)

• rugṇa – broken, shattered, afflicted, sick
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From root ruj (to break, pain).
  Root: ruj (class 6)
• gaja – elephant
  noun (masculine)
  Root: gaj (class 1)
• vājin – horse, powerful, swift
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from vāja (strength, speed).
• ratha – chariot, car
  noun (masculine)
  From root rādh (to prepare).
  Root: rādh (class 4)
• dhvaja – banner, flag, standard
  noun (masculine)
  From root dhvaj (to move rapidly).
  Root: dhvaj (class 1)

Note: Modifies camūm.

हतप्रवीराम् (hatapravīrām) - with slain heroes/warriors, whose chief warriors are killed

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of hatapravīra

hatapravīra - having slain chief warriors

A bahuvrīhi compound where hata modifies pravīra.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (hata+pravīra)

• hata – slain, killed, struck
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From root han (to strike, kill).
  Root: han (class 2)
• pravīra – chief warrior, hero, excellent hero
  noun (masculine)
  pra (excellent) + vīra (hero).
  Prefix: pra
  Root: vīr (class 1)

Note: Modifies camūm.

आपन्नाम् (āpannām) - plunged into distress, afflicted (fallen, obtained, reached, distressed, afflicted)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of āpanna

āpanna - obtained, reached, fallen into, distressed

Past Passive Participle

From root āp (to obtain, reach) with prefix ā.

Prefix: ā

Root: āp (class 5)

Note: Modifies camūm.

चमूम् (camūm) - an army (army, host, troop)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of camū

camū - army, host, troop

Root: cam (class 1)

Note: The object of comparison.

इव (iva) - like, as, as if

(indeclinable)

particle of comparison

महाहवे (mahāhave) - in a great battle

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of mahāhava

mahāhava - great battle, great war

mahā (great) + hava (battle).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahat+hava)

• mahat – great, large, mighty
  adjective
  Stem mahā in compounds.
• hava – battle, war, call, invocation
  noun (masculine)
  From root hu (to call, fight).
  Root: hu (class 3)

Note: Locative case indicating location "in a great battle".

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